如何将文本输出到屏幕，同时还输出 Object 方向按钮 - Pygame
How to output text to a screen, while also outputting Object Orientated buttons - Pygame
#Importing Modules
import pygame
import sys
import random
#All pygame stuff under here
pygame.init()
#Font definitions
backFont = pygame.font.SysFont("monospace",40)
titleFont = pygame.font.SysFont("garamond", 100)
buttonFont = pygame.font.SysFont("garamond", 25)
bigFont = pygame.font.SysFont("garamond",100)
#Colour definitions
BackGray = pygame.Color('gray60')
screenGray = pygame.Color('gray80')
buttonGray1 = pygame.Color('gray40')
buttonGray2 = pygame.Color('gray50')
buttonGray3 = pygame.Color('gray30')
textColour = pygame.Color('navy')
#Screen size set
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
#Class for the buttons set here
class Button:
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, colour, surface):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.height = height
self.width = width
self.colour = colour
self.surface = surface
def isPressed(self):
mouse_position = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
mouse_x = mouse_position[0]
mouse_y = mouse_position[1]
if mouse_x > self.x:
if mouse_x < self.x + self.width:
if mouse_y > self.y:
if mouse_y < self.y + self.height:
mouse_click = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
left_click = mouse_click[0]
if left_click:
self.colour = (0,0,0)
return True
self.colour = (230, 230, 230)
return False
def drawButton(self):
pygame.draw.rect(self.surface, self.colour, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height))
pygame.display.flip()
def FrontPage():
#Back screen
screen.fill(screenGray)
#The background is defined here
BinaryPage = []
for i in range(0,15):
BinaryString = ""
for j in range(0,33):
BinaryString += random.choice(["0","1"])
BinaryPage.append(BinaryString)
for i in range(0,15):
screen.blit(backFont.render(BinaryPage[i], 1, BackGray), (0,i * 40))
#The title is defined and printed here
Title1 = titleFont.render("The Six", 10, textColour)
Title2 = titleFont.render("Cipher", 10, textColour)
Title3 = titleFont.render("Simulator", 10, textColour)
screen.blit(Title1, (100, 100))
screen.blit(Title2, (100, 200))
screen.blit(Title3, (100, 300))
#Text for the button
buttonText = buttonFont.render("Continue", 10, textColour)
screen.blit(buttonText, (115,405))
#Where the buttons are defined and drawn
ButtonBig = Button(100, 450, 120, 60, buttonGray1, screen)
ButtonSmall = Button(105, 455, 110, 50, buttonGray2, screen)
ButtonBig.drawButton()
ButtonSmall.drawButton()
#Pygame While loop
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if ButtonBig.isPressed():
print("Hello")
break
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
clock.tick(60)
上面的代码运行一个 window，它以随机顺序排列 0 和 1 作为背景，中间是我的程序的标题。
然后，底部应该有一个按钮，或者一个灰色的矩形。但是，当我尝试将某些内容 .blit 或打印到按钮框架上时，在我将按钮绘制到屏幕上之后，它并没有出现。
谁能告诉我为什么以及如何解决它？
或者关于如何将文本输出到按钮的任何替代方法。
提前致谢
我首先创建一个单独的 background 表面，然后将所有永远不会改变的背景图形 blit 到它上面（下例中的数字）。在主循环中，你可以只 blit 这个背景来清除屏幕。
将文本 blit 到按钮上：
- 将文本传递给
__init__ 方法
- 创建按钮图像（pygame.Surface）
- 渲染文本
- 为图像和文本创建矩形（将图像矩形的中心传递给文本矩形以使文本居中）
- 将文本表面 blit 到图像上。
对于按钮，我会使用 sprites and put them into a sprite group, so that you can draw them simply by calling sprite_group.draw(screen). Sprites need an image and a rect 属性来工作。 Pygame rects 有碰撞检测方法，你应该使用而不是自己写。在这种情况下，我们可以使用 collidepoint 方法并将 event.pos 传递给它。
import random
import pygame as pg
pg.init()
screen = pg.display.set_mode((800, 600))
FONT = pg.font.SysFont('garamond', 25)
SCREEN_GRAY = pg.Color('gray80')
BUTTON_GRAY = pg.Color('gray40')
TEXT_COLOUR = pg.Color('navy')
# Inherit from pg.sprite.Sprite. That will allow you to
# put the instances into a sprite group.
class Button(pg.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, text, x, y, width, height, colour):
super().__init__()
# Create the image of the button.
self.image = pg.Surface((width, height))
self.image.fill(colour)
# A pygame.Rect will serve as the blit position.
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# Render the text.
txt = FONT.render(text, True, TEXT_COLOUR)
# This txt_rect is used to center the text on the image.
txt_rect = txt.get_rect(center=self.rect.center)
self.image.blit(txt, txt_rect)
# Set the position of the image rect.
self.rect.topleft = x, y
def is_pressed(self, event):
if event.type == pg.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
# MOUSE... events have an event.pos attribute (the mouse position)
# which you can pass to the collidepoint method of the rect.
if self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
return True
return False
def main():
button_big = Button('big button', 100, 250, 120, 60, BUTTON_GRAY)
button_small = Button('small button', 105, 455, 120, 50, BUTTON_GRAY)
buttons_group = pg.sprite.Group(button_big, button_small)
background = pg.Surface(screen.get_size())
background.fill(SCREEN_GRAY)
for i in range(screen.get_height()//40):
for j in range(screen.get_width()//40):
n = random.choice(['0', '1'])
background.blit(FONT.render(n, True, BUTTON_GRAY), (j*40, i*40))
clock = pg.time.Clock()
while True:
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
return
if button_big.is_pressed(event):
print('big')
elif button_small.is_pressed(event):
print('small')
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
# Blit the images of the contained sprites onto the screen.
buttons_group.draw(screen)
pg.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
pg.quit()
#Importing Modules
import pygame
import sys
import random
#All pygame stuff under here
pygame.init()
#Font definitions
backFont = pygame.font.SysFont("monospace",40)
titleFont = pygame.font.SysFont("garamond", 100)
buttonFont = pygame.font.SysFont("garamond", 25)
bigFont = pygame.font.SysFont("garamond",100)
#Colour definitions
BackGray = pygame.Color('gray60')
screenGray = pygame.Color('gray80')
buttonGray1 = pygame.Color('gray40')
buttonGray2 = pygame.Color('gray50')
buttonGray3 = pygame.Color('gray30')
textColour = pygame.Color('navy')
#Screen size set
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
#Class for the buttons set here
class Button:
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, colour, surface):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.height = height
self.width = width
self.colour = colour
self.surface = surface
def isPressed(self):
mouse_position = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
mouse_x = mouse_position[0]
mouse_y = mouse_position[1]
if mouse_x > self.x:
if mouse_x < self.x + self.width:
if mouse_y > self.y:
if mouse_y < self.y + self.height:
mouse_click = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
left_click = mouse_click[0]
if left_click:
self.colour = (0,0,0)
return True
self.colour = (230, 230, 230)
return False
def drawButton(self):
pygame.draw.rect(self.surface, self.colour, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height))
pygame.display.flip()
def FrontPage():
#Back screen
screen.fill(screenGray)
#The background is defined here
BinaryPage = []
for i in range(0,15):
BinaryString = ""
for j in range(0,33):
BinaryString += random.choice(["0","1"])
BinaryPage.append(BinaryString)
for i in range(0,15):
screen.blit(backFont.render(BinaryPage[i], 1, BackGray), (0,i * 40))
#The title is defined and printed here
Title1 = titleFont.render("The Six", 10, textColour)
Title2 = titleFont.render("Cipher", 10, textColour)
Title3 = titleFont.render("Simulator", 10, textColour)
screen.blit(Title1, (100, 100))
screen.blit(Title2, (100, 200))
screen.blit(Title3, (100, 300))
#Text for the button
buttonText = buttonFont.render("Continue", 10, textColour)
screen.blit(buttonText, (115,405))
#Where the buttons are defined and drawn
ButtonBig = Button(100, 450, 120, 60, buttonGray1, screen)
ButtonSmall = Button(105, 455, 110, 50, buttonGray2, screen)
ButtonBig.drawButton()
ButtonSmall.drawButton()
#Pygame While loop
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if ButtonBig.isPressed():
print("Hello")
break
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
clock.tick(60)
上面的代码运行一个 window，它以随机顺序排列 0 和 1 作为背景，中间是我的程序的标题。
然后，底部应该有一个按钮，或者一个灰色的矩形。但是，当我尝试将某些内容 .blit 或打印到按钮框架上时，在我将按钮绘制到屏幕上之后，它并没有出现。
谁能告诉我为什么以及如何解决它？ 或者关于如何将文本输出到按钮的任何替代方法。
提前致谢
我首先创建一个单独的 background 表面，然后将所有永远不会改变的背景图形 blit 到它上面（下例中的数字）。在主循环中，你可以只 blit 这个背景来清除屏幕。
将文本 blit 到按钮上：
- 将文本传递给
__init__方法 - 创建按钮图像（pygame.Surface）
- 渲染文本
- 为图像和文本创建矩形（将图像矩形的中心传递给文本矩形以使文本居中）
- 将文本表面 blit 到图像上。
对于按钮，我会使用 sprites and put them into a sprite group, so that you can draw them simply by calling sprite_group.draw(screen). Sprites need an image and a rect 属性来工作。 Pygame rects 有碰撞检测方法，你应该使用而不是自己写。在这种情况下，我们可以使用 collidepoint 方法并将 event.pos 传递给它。
import random
import pygame as pg
pg.init()
screen = pg.display.set_mode((800, 600))
FONT = pg.font.SysFont('garamond', 25)
SCREEN_GRAY = pg.Color('gray80')
BUTTON_GRAY = pg.Color('gray40')
TEXT_COLOUR = pg.Color('navy')
# Inherit from pg.sprite.Sprite. That will allow you to
# put the instances into a sprite group.
class Button(pg.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, text, x, y, width, height, colour):
super().__init__()
# Create the image of the button.
self.image = pg.Surface((width, height))
self.image.fill(colour)
# A pygame.Rect will serve as the blit position.
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# Render the text.
txt = FONT.render(text, True, TEXT_COLOUR)
# This txt_rect is used to center the text on the image.
txt_rect = txt.get_rect(center=self.rect.center)
self.image.blit(txt, txt_rect)
# Set the position of the image rect.
self.rect.topleft = x, y
def is_pressed(self, event):
if event.type == pg.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
# MOUSE... events have an event.pos attribute (the mouse position)
# which you can pass to the collidepoint method of the rect.
if self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
return True
return False
def main():
button_big = Button('big button', 100, 250, 120, 60, BUTTON_GRAY)
button_small = Button('small button', 105, 455, 120, 50, BUTTON_GRAY)
buttons_group = pg.sprite.Group(button_big, button_small)
background = pg.Surface(screen.get_size())
background.fill(SCREEN_GRAY)
for i in range(screen.get_height()//40):
for j in range(screen.get_width()//40):
n = random.choice(['0', '1'])
background.blit(FONT.render(n, True, BUTTON_GRAY), (j*40, i*40))
clock = pg.time.Clock()
while True:
for event in pg.event.get():
if event.type == pg.QUIT:
return
if button_big.is_pressed(event):
print('big')
elif button_small.is_pressed(event):
print('small')
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
# Blit the images of the contained sprites onto the screen.
buttons_group.draw(screen)
pg.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
pg.quit()