使用 Python ElementTree 解析 XML

Parsing XML using Python ElementTree

我有一个 XML 格式如下的文档

<root>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The quick</F>
    <F LV="1">brown</F>
    <F LV="2">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The lazy</F>
    <F LV="1">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
</root>

如何提取 H 标签内的 'D' 文本以及 F 标签内的所有文本。

来自ElementTree docs

We can import this data by reading from a file:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('country_data.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

Or directly from a string:

root = ET.fromstring(country_data_as_string)

以及同一页面中的更高版本,20.5.1.4。寻找有趣的元素:

for neighbor in root.iter('neighbor'):
    print(neighbor.attrib)

翻译成:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

root = ET.fromstring("""
<root>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The quick</F>
    <F LV="1">brown</F>
    <F LV="2">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The lazy</F>
    <F LV="1">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
</root>""")
# root = tree.getroot()
for h in root.iter("H"):
    print (h.attrib["D"])
for f in root.iter("F"):
    print (f.attrib, f.text)

输出:

14/11/2017
14/11/2017
{'LV': '0'} The quick
{'LV': '1'} brown
{'LV': '2'} fox
{'LV': '0'} The lazy
{'LV': '1'} fox

您没有具体说明您要使用什么,所以我建议 lxml 用于 python。为了获得你想要的价值,你有更多的可能性:

带循环:

from lxml import etree
tree = etree.parse('XmlTest.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
text = []
for element in root:
   text.append(element.get('D',None))
     for child in element:
       for grandchild in child:
         text.append(grandchild.text)
print(text)

输出: ['14/11/2017', 'The quick', 'brown', 'fox', '14/11/2017', 'The lazy', 'fox']

使用 xpath:

from lxml import etree
tree = etree.parse('XmlTest.xml')
root = tree.getroot() 
D = root.xpath("./H")
F = root.xpath(".//F")

for each in D:
  print(each.get('D',None))

for each in F:
  print(each.text)

输出: 14/11/2017 14/11/2017 快速的 棕色的 狐狸 懒人 狐狸

两者各有优势,但都为您提供了一个良好的起点。 我推荐 xpath,因为它在值是 丢失的。

这应该对你有帮助

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
data='''
<root>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The quick</F>
    <F LV="1">brown</F>
    <F LV="2">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The lazy</F>
    <F LV="1">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
</root>
'''
#list created to store data
D_data=[]
F_data=[]

#data parsed
root= ET.XML(data)

#This will get the value of D
for sub in root:
    b=(sub.attrib.get('D'))
    D_data.append(b)

#This will get all the text for F tag in xml
for f in root.iter("F"):
    b=f.text
    #print f.tag,f.attrib,f.text
    F_data.append(b)

print D_data
print F_data