如何在验证表单中捕获多个异常

Question

我有一个用于注册用户的验证表单，我正在尝试尝试捕捉这个概念来验证我的模型中的输入数据。让我先向您展示我的代码：

模型注册

public function register (string $username, string $email, string $email_repeat, string $password, string $password_repeat, string $ip, string $reCaptcha) {
    $this->username = trim($username);
    $this->email = trim($email);
    $this->email_repeat = trim($email_repeat);
    $this->password = $password;
    $this->password_repeat = $password_repeat;
    $this->ip = $ip;
    $this->reCaptcha_response = $reCaptcha;
    $this->reCaptcha = new ReCaptcha(GOOGLE_CAPTCHA_SECRET); //the API secret is in the config.php file

    $this->verifyEmail();
    $this->verifyUsername();
    $this->verifyPassword();
    $this->validateReCaptcha($this->reCaptcha_response, $this->ip);

    $this->db->insertRow("INSERT INTO users (username, password, email) VALUES (?, ?, ?)", [$this->username, $this->password, $this->email]);
}

public function verifyEmail () {
    if(empty($this->email) || empty($this->email_repeat)) {
        throw new \Exception('Email address is empty');
    }

    $isTaken = $this->db->getRow("SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM users WHERE email= ?", [$this->email]);
    if($isTaken->count > 0){
        throw new \Exception('This email is taken');
    }
}


private function verifyUsername () {
    if(strlen($this->username) < 3 || strlen($this->username) > 15) {
        throw new \Exception('Username must be between 3 and 15 symbols');
    }

    $isTaken = $this->db->getRow("SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM users WHERE username= ?", [$this->username]);
    if($isTaken->count > 0){
        throw new \Exception('This username is taken');
    }
}

控制器：

public function register ()
{
    if($this->post != null) {
        try {
            $register = $this->tableRegister->register(
                $_POST['username'],
                $_POST['email'],
                $_POST['email_repeat'],
                $_POST['password'],
                $_POST['password_repeat'],
                $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'],
                $_POST['g-recaptcha-response']
            );
        } catch (\Exception $err) {
            $this->flashMessage->error($err->getMessage());
        }
    }
    $this->renderView('users/register');
}

正如您在模型中看到的那样，validateEmail 和 validateUsername 两种方法都会遍历数据库并检查电子邮件或用户名是否已被占用。如果他们都被占用，我想捕获这两个异常，以及可能发生的所有其他异常 - 如果电子邮件被占用，如果用户名被占用，如果用户名无效......一切。目前我的脚本在第一个异常处结束。我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

您的模型 register 函数中需要有一个 try-catch，例如

public function register (string $username, string $email, string $email_repeat, string $password, string $password_repeat, string $ip, string $reCaptcha) {
    try{
        $this->username = trim($username);
        $this->email = trim($email);
        $this->email_repeat = trim($email_repeat);
        $this->password = $password;
        $this->password_repeat = $password_repeat;
        $this->ip = $ip;
        $this->reCaptcha_response = $reCaptcha;
        $this->reCaptcha = new ReCaptcha(GOOGLE_CAPTCHA_SECRET); //the API secret is in the config.php file

        $this->verifyEmail();
        $this->verifyUsername();
        $this->verifyPassword();
        $this->validateReCaptcha($this->reCaptcha_response, $this->ip);

        $this->db->insertRow("INSERT INTO users (username, password, email) VALUES (?, ?, ?)", [$this->username, $this->password, $this->email]);
    } catch(\Exception ex){
        //handle error
        throw new \Exception("Error registering user"); //this will pass the exception up to the calling method instead of just killing the page
    }
}

如果 verifyEmail 或 verifyUsername 抛出错误，这些错误将停止执行其余代码。由于未正确处理，这将停止执行整个页面。

希望对您有所帮助！

Answer 2

When an exception is thrown, code following the statement will not be executed, and PHP will attempt to find the first matching catch block. If an exception is not caught, a PHP Fatal Error will be issued with an "Uncaught Exception ..." message, unless a handler has been defined with set_exception_handler() (source).

这里一个好的解决方案是为模型添加 errors 属性、hasErrors 和 getErrors 方法。这将允许您存储和处理每个表单域的错误检查。

例如：

public function verifyEmail () {
    if(empty($this->email) || empty($this->email_repeat)) {
        $this->errors['email'] = 'Email address is empty';
        return false;
    }

    $isTaken = $this->db->getRow("SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM users WHERE email= ?",
       [$this->email]);
    if($isTaken->count > 0){
        $this->errors['email'] = 'This email is taken';
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

public function hasErrors() {
    return !empty($this->errors);
}

public function getErrors() {
    return $this->errors;
}

对模型中的register方法添加检查：

if (!$this->hasErrors()) {
    $this->db->insertRow("INSERT INTO users (username, password, email) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
     [$this->username, $this->password, $this->email]);
}

然后在你的控制器中添加检查：

if ($this->tableRegister->hasErrors()) { 
    $this->flashMessage->error('The form has error(s): '
        .implode("; \r\n", $this->tableRegister->getErrors()));
} else {
    // code for user registration here
}

如何在验证表单中捕获多个异常

How do I catch multiple Exceptions in a validation form

php

exception-handling