调用数组的特定索引时，打印所有值

Question

我使用此处找到的一段代码逐行读取 .txt 文件，我认为这应该将所有行添加到名为 words 的数组中。每当我尝试 return 数组中的一个值时，例如 printf(words[7]); 文本文档中的所有行都是 returned，而不仅仅是数组中的第 7 个值。是否所有的行都没有正确地拆分成一个数组，或者数组的所有值是否都被 returned?

void readFile() {
    FILE* fp; // Declare the file pointer

    int lines_allocated = 128;
    int max_line_len = 100;

    /* Allocate lines of text */
    char** words = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*) * lines_allocated);
    if (words == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory (1).\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    switch (difficulty) // Open the file for read
    {
        case 'e':
            fp = fopen("words_easy.txt", "r");
            break;
        case 'm':
            fp = fopen("words_medium.txt", "r");
            break;
        case 'h':
            fp = fopen("words_hard.txt", "r");
            break;
        default:
            printf("Cannot open file");
    }
    if (fp == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error opening file.\n");
        exit(2);
    }

    int i;
    for (i = 0; 1; i++) {
        int j;

        /* Have we gone over our line allocation? */
        if (i >= lines_allocated) {
            int new_size;

            /* Double our allocation and re-allocate */
            new_size = lines_allocated * 2;
            words = (char**)realloc(words, sizeof(char*) * new_size);
            if (words == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
                exit(3);
            }
            lines_allocated = new_size;
        }
        /* Allocate space for the next line */
        words[i] = malloc(max_line_len);
        if (words[i] == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory (3).\n");
            exit(4);
        }
        if (fgets(words[i], max_line_len - 1, fp) == NULL)
            break;

        /* Get rid of CR or LF at end of line */
        for (j = strlen(words[i]) - 1;
             j >= 0 && (words[i][j] == '\n' || words[i][j] == '\r'); j--)
            ;
        words[i][j + 1] = '[=10=]';
    }

    /* Close file */
    fclose(fp);

    int j;
    for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
        printf("%s\n", words[j]);

    /* Good practice to free memory */
    for (; i >= 0; i--)
        free(words[i]);
    free(words);
    printf(words[7]);
    return 0;
}

文档每行一个单词，我只是尝试打印一个单词作为测试，但是当我尝试从数组中调用一个值时，我将所有行输出到控制台。

Answer 1

第 1 点： 在您的代码中，您已经编写了

free(words);
printf(words[7]);

在 free()d 之后访问指针将导致 undefined behaviour。

点 2：

for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
        printf("%s\n", words[j]);

这个 for 循环打印所有行，无论如何。

Answer 2

为什么你的程序需要这个 for 循环...???

int j;
for(j = 0; j < i; j++)
    printf("%s\n", words[j]);

调用数组的特定索引时，打印所有值

When calling a specific index of array, all values are printed

c

arrays

pointers

dynamic-memory-allocation