使用 Spring MockMVC 时如何从 JSON 响应中提取值

Question

我有一个接受 POST 请求的端点。我想从 JSON 响应中获取新创建的实体的 ID。

下面是我尝试执行此操作的代码段。

mockMvc.perform(post("/api/tracker/jobs/work")
        .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
        .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(workRequest)))
        .andExpect(status().isCreated());

如果我得到该 ID，我将在数据库中查询新创建的实体并执行如下断言：

Work work = work service.findWorkById(id);

assertThat(work.getJobItem().getJobItemName()).isEqualTo(workRequest.getJobItem().getJobItemName());
assertThat(work.getJobItem().getQuantities()).hasSize(workRequest.getQuantities().size());
assertThat(work.getJobItem().getQuantityPools()).hasSize(workRequest.getQuantities().size());

Answer 1

我已经设法使用 Spring MockMVC 结果处理程序解决了我的问题。我创建了一个测试实用程序来将 JSON 字符串转换回对象，这样我就可以获取 ID。

转换实用程序：

 public static <T>  Object convertJSONStringToObject(String json, Class<T> objectClass) throws IOException {
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    mapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);

    JavaTimeModule module = new JavaTimeModule();
    mapper.registerModule(module);
    return mapper.readValue(json, objectClass);
}

单元测试：

 @Test
@Transactional
public void createNewWorkWorkWhenCreatedJobItemAndQuantitiesPoolShouldBeCreated() throws Exception {

    mockMvc.perform(post("/api/tracker/jobs/work")
        .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
        .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(workRequest)))
        .andExpect(status().isCreated())
        .andDo(mvcResult -> {
            String json = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
            workRequestResponse = (WorkRequestResponse) TestUtil.convertJSONStringToObject(json, WorkRequestResponse.class);
        });

    Work work = workService.findWorkById(workRequestResponse.getWorkId());

    assertThat(work.getJobItem().getJobItemName()).isEqualTo(workRequest.getJobItem().getJobItemName());
    assertThat(work.getJobItem().getQuantities()).hasSize(workRequest.getQuantities().size());
    assertThat(work.getJobItem().getQuantityPools()).hasSize(workRequest.getQuantities().size());
}

Answer 2

从 JSON 响应中检索任意通用值的一种方法是利用 MockMVC 库中的 jsonPath() 匹配器，并将其与自定义匹配器结合使用，该匹配器捕获要求匹配的所有值.

首先，自定义匹配器：

import org.hamcrest.BaseMatcher;

/**
 * Matcher which always returns true, and at the same time, captures the
 * actual values passed in for matching. These can later be retrieved with a
 * call to {@link #getLastMatched()} or {@link #getAllMatched()}.
 */
public static class CapturingMatcher extends BaseMatcher<Object> {

    private List<Object> matchedList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    public boolean matches(Object matched) {
        matchedList.add(matched);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void describeTo(Description description) {
        description.appendText("any object");
    }

    /**
     * The last value matched.
     */
    public Object getLastMatched() {
        return matchedList.get(matchedList.size() - 1);
    }

    /**
     * All the values matched, in the order they were requested for
     * matching.
     */
    public List<Object> getAllMatched() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(matchedList);
    }
}

现在，使用自定义匹配器捕获值并使用 jsonPath() 匹配器识别应捕获的内容：

@Test
@WithMockUser(username = "reviewer", authorities = {ROLE_USER})
public void testGetRemediationAction() throws Exception {

    CapturingMatcher capturingMatcher = new CapturingMatcher();

    // First request a list of all the available actions
    mvc.perform(get("/api/remediation/action").accept(VERSION_1_JSON))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.content[*].remediations[*].id", hasSize(12)))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.content[*].remediations[*].id", capturingMatcher));

    // Grab an ID from one of the available actions
    Object idArray = capturingMatcher.getLastMatched();
    assertThat(idArray).isInstanceOf(JSONArray.class);
    JSONArray jsonIdArray = (JSONArray) idArray;
    String randomId = (String) jsonIdArray.get(new Random().nextInt(12));

    // Now retrieve the chosen action
    mvc.perform(get("/api/remediation/action/" + randomId).accept(VERSION_1_JSON))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id", is(randomId)));
}

Answer 3

您可以简单地在结果对象上使用 JsonPath.read：

MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(post("/api/tracker/jobs/work")
    .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
    .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(workRequest)))
    .andExpect(status().isCreated())
    .andReturn();    

String id = JsonPath.read(result.getResponse().getContentAsString(), "$.id")

Work work = workService.findWorkById(id);

...

使用 Spring MockMVC 时如何从 JSON 响应中提取值

How to extract value from JSON response when using Spring MockMVC

java

spring

integration-testing

spring-boot

mockmvc