正则表达式重复模式

Question

我尝试使用正则表达式从下面的日志中捕获数据组。模式是

<item> : <key> = <value> , <key> = <value>, ..., <key> = <value>

([#\w\d]*?)[\s]*=[\s]*([.\w\d]*)可以捕获组<key>和组<value> 但我也想捕获 <item> 组，所以我将以上内容分组并使用 {n} 重复。

([\w]*):([\s]*(([#\w\d]*?)[\s]*=[\s]*([.\w\d]*)),*){1,}

20141207,07:15:52,0,>>RATIO: casher#=30, Value=2.579,Units=ratio,Error=N 20141207,07:15:52,0,>>RATIO: casher#=31, Value=4.509,Units=ratio,Error=N 20141207,07:15:52,0,>>RATIO: casher#=32, Value=3.735,Units=ratio,Error=N 20141207,07:15:52,0,>>RATIO: casher#=33, Value=2.401,Units=ratio,Error=N

20141207,07:15:52,0,>>CUSTOMER: casher#=30, Value=50,Units= count 20141207,07:15:52,0,>>CUSTOMER: casher#=31, Value=6,Units= count 20141207,07:15:52,0,>>CUSTOMER: casher#=32, Value=88,Units= count 20141207,07:15:52,0,>>CUSTOMER: casher#=33, Value=33,Units= count

显然结果不是预期的那样。谁能给我一些提示？我正在使用 python 最终翻译成代码。谢谢。

Answer 1

(?<=>>)(\w+):|([\w#]+)\s*=\s*(\S+?)(?:,|\s)

尝试 this.Grab capture.See 演示。

https://regex101.com/r/fA6wE2/1

NODE                     EXPLANATION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (?<=                     look behind to see if there is:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    >>                       '>>'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of look-behind
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \w+                      word characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _) (1 or
                         more times (matching the most amount
                         possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   )                        end of 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  :                        ':'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |                        OR
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [\w#]+                   any character of: word characters (a-z,
                         A-Z, 0-9, _), '#' (1 or more times
                         (matching the most amount possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                       more times (matching the most amount
                       possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  =                        '='
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                       more times (matching the most amount
                       possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+?                     non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                         and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                         least amount possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                         end of 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (?:                      group, but do not capture:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ,                        ','
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   |                        OR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \s                       whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ")
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of grouping

Answer 2

您的文件是一个 csv 文件，因此您可以使用 csv 模块让您的生活更轻松：

import csv

f = open('data.txt', 'rb')

for row in csv.reader(f, delimiter=','):
    if row:
        item, key_and_val = row[3].split(':')
        item = item[2:]
        key, val = key_and_val.split('=')

        print item
        print '    {} => {}'.format(key.strip(), val.strip())

        for key_and_val in row[4:]:
            key, val = key_and_val.split('=')
            print '    {} => {}'.format(key.strip(), val.strip())

--output:--
RATIO
    casher# => 30
    Value => 2.579
    Units => ratio
    Error => N
RATIO
    casher# => 31
    Value => 4.509
    Units => ratio
    Error => N
RATIO
    casher# => 32
    Value => 3.735
    Units => ratio
    Error => N
RATIO
    casher# => 33
    Value => 2.401
    Units => ratio
    Error => N
CUSTOMER
    casher# => 30
    Value => 50
    Units => count
CUSTOMER
    casher# => 31
    Value => 6
    Units => count
CUSTOMER
    casher# => 32
    Value => 88
    Units => count
CUSTOMER
    casher# => 33
    Value => 33
    Units => count

your matching pattern also matched key=value even if the "item :" not exist, any advance technique to exclude those key = value line?

以下将跳过没有项目的行：

for row in csv.reader(f, delimiter=','):
    if row:
        if row[3].startswith('>>'):  #Check if there is an item
            item, key_and_val = row[3].split(': ')
            item = item[2:]
            key, val = key_and_val.split('=')
            print item
            print '    {} => {}'.format(key.strip(), val.strip())

            for key_and_val in row[4:]:
                key, val = key_and_val.split('=')
                print '    {} => {}'.format(key.strip(), val.strip())

f.close()

正则表达式重复模式

regular expression repeating pattern

python

regex