CSS 旋转笑脸加载器

CSS rotating smiling face loader

我想用纯 CSS 复制下面的 gif 动画,是否可行,如何实现?我也愿意接受其他合适的方法。

下面的片段是我目前所拥有的,它只是一张静态面孔。

body {
  background: #fff;
  margin: 50px;
}

.loader {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, #51cf66 50%);
}

.loader:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 10px;
  right: 10px;
  top: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #fff;
}

.dot {
  position: absolute;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #51cf66;
}

.dot:first-child {
  left: 10px;
  top: 10px;
}

.dot:last-child {
  right: 10px;
  top: 10px;
}
<div class="loader">
  <div class="dot"></div>
  <div class="dot"></div>
</div>

嗯,对于那种动画,从 CSS 调整 SVG 会更好。

您用来绘制完整 CSS 笑脸的技术依赖于衬垫背景来调整线条的 "length",这将是可笑的资源密集型尝试动画(到增加长度)同时旋转。

最接近的是我可以用纯 CSS 调整您的代码,这不是 SVG,希望对您有所帮助

body {
  background: #fff;
  margin: 50px;
}

.smiley{
  position:relative;
  width: 70px;
  height: 70px;
}

.loader {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  width: 70px;
  height: 70px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, #51cf66 50%);
  animation: rotate 2s infinite;
}

.loader:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 8px;
  right: 8px;
  top: 8px;
  bottom: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #fff;
}

.dot-left, .dot-right {
  position: absolute;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #51cf66;
}

.dot-left {
  left: 4px;
  top: 10px;
  animation: dissapearL 2s infinite;
}

.dot-right {
  right: 6px;
  top: 10px;
  animation: dissapearR 2s infinite;
}

@keyframes rotate{
  from{
    transform:rotate(0);
  }
  to{
    transform:rotate(720deg);
  }
}

@keyframes dissapearL{
  0%{
    transform:scale(1);
  }
  10%{
    transform:scale(1);
  }
  15%{
    transform:scale(0);
  }
  45%{
    transform:scale(0);
  }
  50%{
    transform:scale(1);
  }
}

@keyframes dissapearR{
  0%{
    transform:scale(1);
  }
  15%{
    transform:scale(1);
  }
  20%{
    transform:scale(0);
  }
  65%{
    transform:scale(0);
  }
  70%{
    transform:scale(1);
  }
}
<div class="smiley ">
  <div class="loader">
  </div>
  <div class="dot-left"></div>
  <div class="dot-right"></div>
</div>  

2020 年更新

一个新的优化版本,代码更少,我将使微笑的边缘更逼真:

.smile {
  margin: 30px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle closest-side,#42bd56 99%,transparent) 
       -35px 42px/calc(100% - 15px) 15px repeat-x,
    linear-gradient(#fff,#fff) top/100% 50px no-repeat,
    radial-gradient(farthest-side,transparent calc(99% - 15px),#42bd56 calc(100% - 15px));
  position: relative;
}

.smile:before,
.smile:after{
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    width:100%;
    top: calc(50% - 7px);
    height: 15px;
    background:radial-gradient(circle closest-side,#42bd56 99%,transparent) -7.5px 0/200% 100%;
    transform:rotate(calc(var(--o,0deg) - 50deg));
    
}
.smile:after {
  --o:-80deg;
}

.smile:hover {
  animation: rotateS 1.2s linear;
}
.smile:hover:before,
.smile:hover:after{
  animation: inherit;
  animation-name:rotateE;
}

@keyframes rotateS {
  50% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    background-size: calc(90% - 15px) 15px,100% 30px,auto;
    background-position:-25px 22px,top,0 0;
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(720deg);
  }
}


@keyframes rotateE {
  30%,70% {
    transform:rotate(calc(var(--o,0deg) - 180deg));
  }
}
Hover to animate
<div class="smile">
</div>

一个 Codepen 代码演示


旧答案

这里是解决方法,下面是一步一步的解释

.smile {
  margin: 30px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle ,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%)  43px 0px,
    radial-gradient(circle ,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%) -43px 0px,
    radial-gradient(circle , #fff 35px, transparent 35px), 
    linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, transparent 50%), 
    #42bd56;
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  position: relative;
}

.smile:before,.smile:after{
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    top: 50%;
    margin-top: -7px;
    height: 15px;
    background: 
      radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 15%,transparent 16%) 43px 0px;
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
    
}
.smile:after {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 15%,transparent 16%) -43px 0px;
  transform:rotate(50deg);
}


.smile:hover {
  animation: rotateS 1.5s linear;
}

.smile:hover::before {
  animation: rotateL 1.5s linear;
}
.smile:hover::after {
  animation: rotateR 1.5s linear;
}

@keyframes rotateS {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto ,100% 100%, auto;
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto, 100% 50%, auto;
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(720deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto, 100% 100%, auto;
  }
}

@keyframes rotateR {
  0% {
    transform:rotate(50deg);
  }
  30%,70% {
    transform:rotate(-40deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform:rotate(50deg);
  }
}

@keyframes rotateL {
  0% {
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
  }
  30%,70% {
    transform:rotate(-180deg);
  }

  100% {
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
  }
}
Hover to animate
<div class="smile">
</div>


在此解决方案中,我将仅使用 一个 元素。我将依赖具有线性渐变和径向渐变的多个背景,并使用伪元素。

微笑

我将使用线性渐变和带背景颜色的径向渐变来创建主要形状,然后我将为圆角添加 2 个小的径向渐变:

.smile {
  margin: 50px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
   radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%)  43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%) -43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle, #fff 35px, transparent 35px), 
   linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, transparent 50%), 
  #42bd56;
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  position: relative;
}
<div class="smile">
</div>

现在要旋转微笑,我将使用旋转并更改线性渐变的大小。正如您在 GIF 中看到的那样,在旋转过程中曲线会增加,因此通过改变线性渐变的大小我会增加它。

你可以看到圆角的小径向渐变在增加后隐藏了,所以我们也可以考虑同时移动它们但是我不会这样做所以代码不要不要复杂.

这是动画(悬停激活):

.smile {
  margin: 50px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
   radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%)  43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%) -43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle at center, #fff 35px, transparent 35px), 
   linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, transparent 50%), 
   #42bd56;
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  position: relative;
}

.smile:hover {
  animation: rotateS 1.5s linear;
}

@keyframes rotateS {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto ,100% 100%, auto;
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto, 100% 50%, auto;
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(720deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto, 100% 100%, auto;
  }
}
<div class="smile">
</div>

眼睛

对于眼睛,我将使用伪元素和径向渐变来创建圆圈。我不会简单地创建一个带有 border-radius 的圆,因为我还需要在与微笑相同的轴上旋转它们。

所以想法是让它们全宽并使用径向渐变使圆圈最多right/left。通过这样做,我可以轻松地通过旋转控制他们的位置,并确保他们保持在需要的位置,无论旋转度数如何。

.smile {
  margin: 50px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
   radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%)  43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%) -43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle at center, #fff 35px, transparent 35px) , 
   linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, transparent 50%), 
   #42bd56;
  position: relative;
}

.smile:before,.smile:after{
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    top: 50%;
    margin-top: -7px;
    height: 15px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 15%,transparent 16%) 43px 0px;
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
    
}
.smile:after {
  background:radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 15%,transparent 16%) -43px 0px;
  transform:rotate(50deg);
}
<div class="smile">
</div>

现在对于动画,我将保留第一个旋转,它也会旋转眼睛,但我会为眼睛添加一些动画,使它们向相反的方向移动,并创造出微笑在它们上方的错觉。 所以我将简单地为眼睛添加负旋转,使它们看起来移动得更慢,从而超越微笑并产生所需的效果:

这里又是完整的动画:)

.smile {
  margin: 50px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
   radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%)  43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle at center,#42bd56 10%,transparent 11%) -43px 0px,
   radial-gradient(circle at center, #fff 35px, transparent 35px) , 
   linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff 50%, transparent 50%), 
   #42bd56;
  background-repeat:no-repeat;
  position: relative;
}

.smile:before,.smile:after{
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    top: 50%;
    margin-top: -7px;
    height: 15px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 15%,transparent 16%) 43px 0px;
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
    
}
.smile:after {
  background:radial-gradient(circle,#42bd56 15%,transparent 16%)  -43px 0px;
  transform:rotate(50deg);
}


.smile:hover {
  animation: rotateS 1.5s linear;
}

.smile:hover::before {
  animation: rotateL 1.5s linear;
}
.smile:hover::after {
  animation: rotateR 1.5s linear;
}

@keyframes rotateS {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto ,100% 100%, auto;
  }
  50% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto, 100% 50%, auto;
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(720deg);
    background-size: auto,auto,auto, 100% 100%, auto;
  }
}

@keyframes rotateR {
  0% {
    transform:rotate(50deg);
  }
  30%,70% {
    transform:rotate(-40deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform:rotate(50deg);
  }
}

@keyframes rotateL {
  0% {
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
  }
  30%,70% {
    transform:rotate(-180deg);
  }

  100% {
    transform:rotate(-50deg);
  }
}
<div class="smile">
</div>

在此解决方案中,为简单起见,我使用了线性过渡,但可以将其更改为任何 ease function 以获得与 GIF 类似的过渡

虽然这个 笑脸动画 可以只使用 CSS 来实现,正如其他人所说,SVG 显然是一个更好的选择,主要有以下原因:

  • 动画渐变并不是最佳性能
  • 在不添加非语义标记的情况下,很难在微笑的每一侧制作圆形
  • SVG 是一种用于绘制此类形状并对其进行动画处理的工具。它使它们更易于维护,代码更易于阅读和理解

这样说,我给你做了个例子smiley animation
这就是它的样子:

这是代码(从 codepen demo 简化而来):

svg {
  width:100px;
  height:auto;
  display:block;
  transform:rotateZ(0deg);
  margin:0 auto;
}
.smile, .eyes {
  stroke:teal;
  stroke-width:1.3;
  stroke-linecap:round;
  fill:transparent;
}
svg:hover {animation:rotate 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.65, 0.000, 0.75, 1.000);}
svg:hover .smile{animation: smile 1s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.000, 0.8, 1.000);}
svg:hover .eyes{animation: eyes 1s cubic-bezier(.7, 0.000, 0.4, 1.000);}

@keyframes rotate { to { transform:rotateZ(720deg); } }
@keyframes smile { 50% { stroke-dasharray:20,5.1327;} }
@keyframes eyes  { 70% { stroke-dasharray:1,0,.5,23.6327;} }
 
 h1 {text-align:center;color:teal;}
<svg viewbox="0 0 10 10">
  <circle class="smile" cx="5" cy="5" r="4" stroke-dashoffset="-.5" stroke-dasharray="11.5,13.6327" />
  <circle class="eyes" cx="5" cy="5" r="4" stroke-dashoffset="-15.5" stroke-dasharray="0,6.6327,0,17.5" />
</svg>
<h1>Hover me !</h1>

笑脸和动画是如何制作的?

这个笑脸是用两个 SVG circle elements (one for the eyes and one for the smile) and the stroke-dasharray 属性制作的,分别是眼睛和微笑。

动画:
svg 在悬停时使用 CSS 动画旋转,并且 stroke-dasharray 属性被动画化以使眼睛 "disapear" 微笑。微笑的长度也改为大约3/4圈。

缓动函数:
平滑效果是用 bezier curve easing functions 制作的。动画时间也进行了调整,以更接近所需的笑脸动画。