如何从 std::list 中删除一个元素？

Question

有一个ob对象列表并进入std::for_each调用每个对象，但需要在完成任务时删除每个对象以清除内存并在经过的时间内调用多个对象，需要动态删除和添加项目：

class定义：

#include "CoreLog.h"
#include "physical_objects/Rectangle.h"
#include "GL/freeglut.h"
#include "GL/gl.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
// #include <random>
using namespace std;

class Core
{
    private:
        CoreLog coreLog;
        std::list<Rectangle> rectangles;

    public:
        void init();
        void draw();
};

初始函数为：

void Core::init()
{
    for(float i; i <= 2.0; i += 0.1)
    {
        Rectangle rectangle;
        rectangle.setLeft(-1.0 + i);
        rectangle.setTopToBottomInSeconds(1.0 + i);
        this->rectangles.push_back(rectangle);
    }
}

并且在循环中需要删除每个项目：

void Core::draw()
{
    glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    glEnable( GL_BLEND );

    glClearColor(0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 1.0);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    for (Rectangle &rectangle : this->rectangles)
    {
        // Draw object
        rectangle.draw();

        if(!rectangle.getIsVisible())
        {
            this->rectangles.erase(std::find(this->rectangles.begin(), this->rectangles.end(), rectangle));
        }
    }
    // TODO: Add new rectangles here if is necessary.
}

但是编译器显示错误：

core/Core.cc:44:101: required from here /usr/include/c++/5/bits/predefined_ops.h:194:17: error: no match for ‘operator==’ (operand types are ‘Rectangle’ and ‘const Rectangle’)

我尝试更改为常量矩形：

const Rectangle r;
r = rectangle;
this->rectangles.erase(std::find(this->rectangles.begin(), this->rectangles.end(), r));

但同样的问题。并尝试添加运算符：

bool operator == (const Rectangle &a, const Rectangle &b);
this->rectangles.erase(std::find(this->rectangles.begin(), this->rectangles.end(), rectangle));

但同样的问题：

core/Core.cc:44:93: required from here /usr/include/c++/5/bits/predefined_ops.h:194:17: error: no match for ‘operator==’ (operand types are ‘Rectangle’ and ‘const Rectangle’) { return *__it == _M_value; }

编译我使用：

CCFLAGS += -lglut -lGL -Wall -Wextra -std=gnu++11

main:
    g++ \
    core/CoreLog.cc \
    core/physical_objects/Rectangle.cc \
    core/Core.cc \
    main.cc \
    $(CCFLAGS) \
    -o compiled/main

    chmod +x compiled/main

Answer 1

您需要定义 Rectangle == 运算符。

函数是：

//Put this function outside the Rectangle class and implement it
bool operator ==(const Rectangle &a, const Rectangle &b)
{
      //here you need to implement the == operator
}

此外，您的代码将崩溃，因为您在 for_each 循环中删除了一个元素。这使迭代器无效。你需要更加小心。

您可以为此使用擦除

std::list<Rectangle*>::iterator rect = rectangles.begin();
while (rect != rectangles.end())
{
    if (!rect->getIsVisible())
    {
        rect = rectangles.erase(rect);
    }
    else
    {
        ++rect;
    }
}

也可以用STL，一行解决

rectangles.remove_if([](Rectangle const& rect){!(rect.getIsVisible());});

如何从 std::list 中删除一个元素？

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