从结构指针数组创建映射

Question

我有一个结构指针数组。这些结构有一个 name 字段。我想创建一个从名称到结构指针的映射。

为什么 registry 地图中的所有值都相同？

package main

import "fmt"

type Thing struct {
    Name  string
    Value int
}

type Registry map[string]*Thing

func toRegistry(things *[]Thing) Registry {

    registry := make(Registry)

    for _, thing := range *things {
        registry[thing.Name] = &thing
    }
    return registry
}

func main() {

    things := []Thing{{"thingA", 1}, {"thingB", 2}}
    registry := toRegistry(&things)
    fmt.Println(registry)

}

示例输出：map[thingB:0x10436180 thingA:0x10436180]

GO

编辑

根据@tvblah 的建议，things 已经是一个切片，因此无需指向它：

package main

import "fmt"

type Thing struct {
    Name  string
    Value int
}

type Registry map[string]*Thing

func toRegistry(things []Thing) Registry {

    registry := make(Registry)

    for _, thing := range things {
        registry[thing.Name] = &thing
    }
    return registry
}

func main() {

    things := []Thing{{"thingA", 1}, {"thingB", 2}}
    registry := toRegistry(things)
    fmt.Println(registry)

GO

Answer 1

每个映射值都是指向单个局部变量的指针 thing。

一个解决方法是添加一个指向切片元素的指针：

func toRegistry(things []Thing) Registry {

  registry := make(Registry)

  for i := range things {
    registry[things[i].Name] = &things[i]
  }
  return registry
}

playground

另一种选择是在切片中存储指向 Thing 的指针：

func toRegistry(things []*Thing) Registry {
  registry := make(Registry)
  for _, thing := range things {
    registry[thing.Name] = thing
  }
  return registry
}

func main() {
  things := []*Thing{&Thing{"thingA", 1}, &Thing{"thingB", 2}}
  registry := toRegistry(things)
  fmt.Println(registry)
}

playground

我将函数参数从指向切片的指针更改为切片。此更改对问题中提出的问题没有影响，但它通常是 Go 代码的编写方式。在 Go 中很少使用指向切片的指针。

Answer 2

您可以在每次迭代时将 thing 重新分配给另一个局部变量，并将新变量存储在注册表中。

package main

import "fmt"

type Thing struct {
    Name  string
    Value int
}

type Registry map[string]*Thing

func toRegistry(things *[]Thing) Registry {

    registry := make(Registry)

    for _, thing := range *things {
        t := thing
        registry[thing.Name] = &t
    }
    return registry
}

func main() {

    things := []Thing{{"thingA", 1}, {"thingB", 2}}
    registry := toRegistry(&things)
    fmt.Println(registry)

}

Playground

从结构指针数组创建映射

Creating a map from an array of struct pointers

struct

dictionary

pointers

go

编辑