Python/Kivy : 如何放置动态标签小部件和值
Python/Kivy : How to put dynamic label widget and value
我有两个文件 test.py 和 test.kv .
i 运行 test.py 然后显示 show 按钮。
当我点击 show 按钮然后 def abc call.Can 有人告诉我如何在动态标签和值中显示数组（Item1=5000.Item2=1000）。
Item1 5000
项目 2 1000
我正在使用数组
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
test.py
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.core.window import Window
from kivy.properties import BooleanProperty, ListProperty, StringProperty, ObjectProperty, NumericProperty
Window.clearcolor = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1)
Window.size = (600, 600)
class Invoice(Screen):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Invoice, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
print(arr)
class Test(App):
def build(self):
self.root = Builder.load_file('test.kv')
return self.root
if __name__ == '__main__':
Test().run()
test.kv
<Button@Button>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<Label@Label>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
Invoice:
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 15, 15
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 5, 5
size_hint: .6, None
pos_hint: {'x': .18,}
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 5
spacing: 10, 10
size: 800, 40
size_hint: 1, None
Button:
text: "Show"
size_hint_x: .05
spacing_x: 30
on_press:root.abc()
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
size_hint: 1, 1
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint: .5, 1
padding : 0, 15
spacing: 10, 10
size: 500, 30
Button:
text: "Invoice"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
GridLayout:
cols: 2
#orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
#size: 500, 30
size_hint: 1, 1
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .35
text: "Item1"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'left'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .15
text: "5000"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'right'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
在您的 abc() 方法中，您可以创建标签并将它们添加到您的布局中。为此，我对您的代码做了一些更改。我将 id 添加到您的 GridLayout 并将您的自定义标签 class 更改为 MyLabel 并将其添加到 py 文件，以便我可以在Python。这是修改后的 Python 文件：
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.core.window import Window
Window.clearcolor = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1)
Window.size = (600, 600)
class MyLabel(Label):
pass
class Invoice(Screen):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Invoice, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
layout = self.ids['invoices']
for invoice in arr:
for key,val in invoice.items():
lab1 = MyLabel(text=str(key),size_hint_x=.35, halign='left' )
lab2 = MyLabel(text=str(val),size_hint_x=.15, halign='right' )
layout.add_widget(lab1)
layout.add_widget(lab2)
class Test(App):
def build(self):
self.root = Builder.load_file('test.kv')
return self.root
kv 文件的更改包括将 Label 更改为 MyLabel，尽可能移动到 MyLabel class，并删除您的示例标签：
<Button@Button>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<MyLabel>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
text_size: self.size
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Invoice:
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 15, 15
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 5, 5
size_hint: .6, None
pos_hint: {'x': .18,}
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 5
spacing: 10, 10
size: 800, 40
size_hint: 1, None
Button:
text: "Show"
size_hint_x: .05
spacing_x: 30
on_press:root.abc()
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
size_hint: 1, 1
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint: .5, 1
padding : 0, 15
spacing: 10, 10
size: 500, 30
Button:
text: "Invoice"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
GridLayout:
id: invoices
cols: 2
#orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
#size: 500, 30
size_hint: 1, 1
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
虽然迭代数据和动态生成小部件的选项是一个选项，但事实是从长远来看它是无与伦比的。如果你有结构化信息，使用设计模式是合适的，kivy 提供在这些情况下使用 RecycleView，这实现了 MVC 模式，所以我们只需要传递数据并建立视图哪里可以提供合适的适配器。
在您的情况下，设计一个在每一行中显示的小部件就足够了：
<Item@GridLayout>:
cols: 2
text: "" # new property
value: 0 # new property
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
Label:
size_hint_x: .35
text: root.text
halign: 'left'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .15
text: str(root.value)
halign: 'right'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
然后将 GridLayout 替换为 RecycleView:
RecycleView:
id: rv
viewclass: 'Item'
RecycleBoxLayout:
default_size: None, dp(30)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'
并且在按钮分配数据的情况下，在这种情况下，您必须将数据转换为字典列表，其中字段将是项目的文本和值属性：
def convert_data(data):
l = []
for item in data:
for key, value in item.items():
l.append({'text': key, 'value': value})
return l
class Invoice(Screen):
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
# convert to [{'text': 'Item1', 'value': 5000}, {'text': 'Item2', 'value': 1000}]
self.rv.data = convert_data(arr)
完整代码：
main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
def convert_data(data):
l = []
for item in data:
for key, value in item.items():
l.append({'text': key, 'value': value})
return l
class Invoice(Screen):
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
# convert to [{'text': 'Item1', 'value': 5000}, {'text': 'Item2', 'value': 1000}]
self.rv.data = convert_data(arr)
class MyApp(App):
def build(self):
return Builder.load_file('test.kv')
if __name__ == '__main__':
MyApp().run()
test.kv
<Button@Button>:
font_size: 15
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<Label@Label>:
font_size: 15
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<Item@GridLayout>:
cols: 2
text: ""
value: 0
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
Label:
size_hint_x: .35
text: root.text
halign: 'left'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .15
text: str(root.value)
halign: 'right'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Invoice:
rv: rv
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 15, 15
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 5, 5
size_hint: .6, None
pos_hint: {'x': .18,}
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 5
spacing: 10, 10
size: 800, 40
size_hint: 1, None
Button:
text: "Show"
size_hint_x: .05
spacing_x: 30
on_press:root.abc()
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
size_hint: 1, 1
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint: .5, 1
padding : 0, 15
spacing: 10, 10
size: 500, 30
Button:
text: "Invoice"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
BoxLayout:
RecycleView:
id: rv
viewclass: 'Item'
RecycleBoxLayout:
default_size: None, dp(30)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'
我有两个文件 test.py 和 test.kv .
i 运行 test.py 然后显示 show 按钮。
当我点击 show 按钮然后 def abc call.Can 有人告诉我如何在动态标签和值中显示数组（Item1=5000.Item2=1000）。
Item1 5000
项目 2 1000
我正在使用数组
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
test.py
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.core.window import Window
from kivy.properties import BooleanProperty, ListProperty, StringProperty, ObjectProperty, NumericProperty
Window.clearcolor = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1)
Window.size = (600, 600)
class Invoice(Screen):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Invoice, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
print(arr)
class Test(App):
def build(self):
self.root = Builder.load_file('test.kv')
return self.root
if __name__ == '__main__':
Test().run()
test.kv
<Button@Button>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<Label@Label>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
Invoice:
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 15, 15
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 5, 5
size_hint: .6, None
pos_hint: {'x': .18,}
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 5
spacing: 10, 10
size: 800, 40
size_hint: 1, None
Button:
text: "Show"
size_hint_x: .05
spacing_x: 30
on_press:root.abc()
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
size_hint: 1, 1
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint: .5, 1
padding : 0, 15
spacing: 10, 10
size: 500, 30
Button:
text: "Invoice"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
GridLayout:
cols: 2
#orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
#size: 500, 30
size_hint: 1, 1
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .35
text: "Item1"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'left'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .15
text: "5000"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'right'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
在您的 abc() 方法中，您可以创建标签并将它们添加到您的布局中。为此，我对您的代码做了一些更改。我将 id 添加到您的 GridLayout 并将您的自定义标签 class 更改为 MyLabel 并将其添加到 py 文件，以便我可以在Python。这是修改后的 Python 文件：
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.core.window import Window
Window.clearcolor = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1)
Window.size = (600, 600)
class MyLabel(Label):
pass
class Invoice(Screen):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Invoice, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
layout = self.ids['invoices']
for invoice in arr:
for key,val in invoice.items():
lab1 = MyLabel(text=str(key),size_hint_x=.35, halign='left' )
lab2 = MyLabel(text=str(val),size_hint_x=.15, halign='right' )
layout.add_widget(lab1)
layout.add_widget(lab2)
class Test(App):
def build(self):
self.root = Builder.load_file('test.kv')
return self.root
kv 文件的更改包括将 Label 更改为 MyLabel，尽可能移动到 MyLabel class，并删除您的示例标签：
<Button@Button>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<MyLabel>:
font_size: 15
font_name: 'Verdana'
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
text_size: self.size
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Invoice:
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 15, 15
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 5, 5
size_hint: .6, None
pos_hint: {'x': .18,}
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 5
spacing: 10, 10
size: 800, 40
size_hint: 1, None
Button:
text: "Show"
size_hint_x: .05
spacing_x: 30
on_press:root.abc()
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
size_hint: 1, 1
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint: .5, 1
padding : 0, 15
spacing: 10, 10
size: 500, 30
Button:
text: "Invoice"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
GridLayout:
id: invoices
cols: 2
#orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
#size: 500, 30
size_hint: 1, 1
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
虽然迭代数据和动态生成小部件的选项是一个选项，但事实是从长远来看它是无与伦比的。如果你有结构化信息，使用设计模式是合适的，kivy 提供在这些情况下使用 RecycleView，这实现了 MVC 模式，所以我们只需要传递数据并建立视图哪里可以提供合适的适配器。
在您的情况下，设计一个在每一行中显示的小部件就足够了：
<Item@GridLayout>:
cols: 2
text: "" # new property
value: 0 # new property
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
Label:
size_hint_x: .35
text: root.text
halign: 'left'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .15
text: str(root.value)
halign: 'right'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
然后将 GridLayout 替换为 RecycleView:
RecycleView:
id: rv
viewclass: 'Item'
RecycleBoxLayout:
default_size: None, dp(30)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'
并且在按钮分配数据的情况下，在这种情况下，您必须将数据转换为字典列表，其中字段将是项目的文本和值属性：
def convert_data(data):
l = []
for item in data:
for key, value in item.items():
l.append({'text': key, 'value': value})
return l
class Invoice(Screen):
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
# convert to [{'text': 'Item1', 'value': 5000}, {'text': 'Item2', 'value': 1000}]
self.rv.data = convert_data(arr)
完整代码：
main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
def convert_data(data):
l = []
for item in data:
for key, value in item.items():
l.append({'text': key, 'value': value})
return l
class Invoice(Screen):
def abc(self):
#fetching from database
arr = ({'Item1': 5000},{'Item2': 1000})
# convert to [{'text': 'Item1', 'value': 5000}, {'text': 'Item2', 'value': 1000}]
self.rv.data = convert_data(arr)
class MyApp(App):
def build(self):
return Builder.load_file('test.kv')
if __name__ == '__main__':
MyApp().run()
test.kv
<Button@Button>:
font_size: 15
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<Label@Label>:
font_size: 15
size_hint_y:None
height: 30
<Item@GridLayout>:
cols: 2
text: ""
value: 0
padding : 5, 0
spacing: 10, 0
Label:
size_hint_x: .35
text: root.text
halign: 'left'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Label:
size_hint_x: .15
text: str(root.value)
halign: 'right'
valign: 'middle'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
pos: self.pos
size: self.size
Invoice:
rv: rv
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 15, 15
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding : 5, 5
size_hint: .6, None
pos_hint: {'x': .18,}
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
padding : 5, 5
spacing: 10, 10
size: 800, 40
size_hint: 1, None
Button:
text: "Show"
size_hint_x: .05
spacing_x: 30
on_press:root.abc()
BoxLayout:
orientation: "horizontal"
size_hint: 1, 1
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint: .5, 1
padding : 0, 15
spacing: 10, 10
size: 500, 30
Button:
text: "Invoice"
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
BoxLayout:
RecycleView:
id: rv
viewclass: 'Item'
RecycleBoxLayout:
default_size: None, dp(30)
default_size_hint: 1, None
size_hint_y: None
height: self.minimum_height
orientation: 'vertical'