使用静态 HttpClient 刷新令牌

Question

使用 VS 2017 .Net 4.5.2

我有以下class

public static class MyHttpClient
{
    //fields
    private static Lazy<Task<HttpClient>> _Client = new Lazy<Task<HttpClient>>(async () =>
    {
        var client = new HttpClient();
        await InitClient(client).ConfigureAwait(false);
        return client;
    });

    //properties
    public static Task<HttpClient> ClientTask => _Client.Value;

    //methods
    private static async Task InitClient(HttpClient client)
    {
        //resey headers
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Clear();
        //Set base URL, NOT thread safe, which is why this method is only accessed via lazy initialization
        client.BaseAddress = new Uri(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["baseAddress"]);//TODO: get from web.config? File? DB?
        //create new request to obtain auth token
        var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "/ouath2/token"); //TODO: get from web.config? File? DB? prob consts
        //Encode secret and ID 
        var byteArray = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes($"{ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ClientId"]}:{ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ClientSecret"]}");
        //Form data
        var formData = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();
        formData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("grant_type", "refresh_token"));
        formData.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("refresh_token", ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["RefreshToken"]));
        //set content and headers
        request.Content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formData);
        request.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", Convert.ToBase64String(byteArray));
        //make request
        var result = await HttpPost(request, client).ConfigureAwait(false);
        //set bearer token
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", (string)result.access_token);

        //TODO: error handle
    }

    private static async Task<dynamic> HttpPost(HttpRequestMessage formData, HttpClient client)
    {
        using (var response = await client.SendAsync(formData).ConfigureAwait(false))
        {
            response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();//TODO: handle this

            return await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<dynamic>().ConfigureAwait(false);
        }

    }
}

仍在进行中，但我遇到了障碍。

如果令牌在应用程序生命周期中只需要获取一次，则此方法工作正常，但是我正在与之交谈的 API 使用短暂的不记名令牌（15 分钟）。

由于我将 HttpClient 用作要重复使用的静态，因此我无法更改默认请求 headers，因为它们不是线程安全的。但是我需要每 15 分钟请求一个 Bearer 令牌。

在这种特定情况下，我将如何获得新的不记名令牌并设置默认值 header？

Answer 1

更新：将 SemaphoreSlim 添加到 "lock" 刷新事务

免责声明：未经测试，可能需要一些调整

注意 1：信号量需要在 try/catch/finaly 块中以确保在抛出错误时释放。

注意 2：此版本将对刷新令牌调用进行排队，如果负载高，这会显着降低性能。解决此问题；使用 bool 指示器检查是否发生刷新。例如，这可能是一个静态布尔值

目标是仅在需要时使用刷新令牌。固定间隔对您没有帮助，因为有一天，这个间隔可能会改变。正确的处理方法是在出现 403 时重试。

您可以使用 HttpClientHandler 来处理您的 HttpClient。

覆盖 SendAsync，以处理并重试 403。

要实现此功能，您需要 constructor of httpclient:

从我的（半）头顶来看，它一定是这样的：

HttpMessageHandler

public class MyHttpMessageHandler : HttpMessageHandler
{
    private static SemaphoreSlim sem = new SemaphoreSlim(1);

    protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {  
    var response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);

    //test for 403 and actual bearer token in initial request
    if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized &&
        request.Headers.Where(c => c.Key == "Authorization")
                .Select(c => c.Value)
                .Any(c => c.Any(p => p.StartsWith("Bearer"))))
        {

            //going to request refresh token: enter or start wait
            await sem.WaitAsync();

            //some typical stuff
            var pairs = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>
            {
                new KeyValuePair<string, string>("grant_type", "refresh_token"),
                new KeyValuePair<string, string>("refresh_token", yourRefreshToken),
                new KeyValuePair<string, string>("client_id", yourApplicationId),
            };

            //retry do to token request
            using ( var refreshResponse = await base.SendAsync(
                new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, 
                   new Uri(new Uri(Host), "Token")) 
                   { 
                      Content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(pairs) 
                   }, cancellationToken))
            {
                var rawResponse = await refreshResponse.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                var x = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<RefreshToken>(rawResponse);

                //new tokens here!
                //x.access_token;
                //x.refresh_token;

                //to be sure
                request.Headers.Remove("Authorization");
                request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + x.access_token);

                //headers are set, so release:
                sem.Release();  

                //retry actual request with new tokens
                response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);

            }
        }

        return response;
    }
}
}

发送示例，使用SendAsync（也可以是GetAsync）等

public async Task<int> RegisterAsync(Model model)
{
    var response = await YourHttpClient
       .SendAsync(new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, new Uri(BaseUri, "api/Foo/Faa"))
    {  
        Content = new StringContent(
           JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model),
           Encoding.UTF8, "application/json")
    });

    var result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
    return 0;
}

使用静态 HttpClient 刷新令牌

Refresh Token using Static HttpClient

c#

rest

dotnet-httpclient