Graphviz 稀疏矩阵节点对齐

Question

我正在尝试用点语言绘制一个稀疏矩阵，实际上节点连接没问题，但问题是这些节点的垂直对齐，我尝试使用 pos 并放置具有 x 和 y 值的节点，但就是行不通（我认为是因为默认布局）。如果你能帮助我，一个压力很大的学生会感谢你。我的点代码如下，生成的图像 link。

https://github.com/Gualtix/Learn_CPP/blob/master/Matrix.png

谢谢。

digraph Sparce_Matrix {

node [shape=box]

Mt [label = "Matrix" width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = firebrick1];

//(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ U S U A R I O S
U0 [label = "Estructuras"    pos = "5.3,3.5!" width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1];
U1 [label = "Redes"          width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1];
U2 [label = "Compiladores"   width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1];
U3 [label = "Investigacion"  width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1];
U4 [label = "Lenguajes"      width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1];

//(^< ............ Links
U0 -> U1 { constraint = true };
U1 -> U0 { constraint = true };
U1 -> U2 { constraint = true };
U2 -> U1 { constraint = true };
U2 -> U3 { constraint = true };
U3 -> U2 { constraint = true };
U3 -> U4 { constraint = true };
U4 -> U3 { constraint = true };

//(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ A R C H I V O S
A0 [label = "Josefina"   width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue];
A1 [label = "Alejandro"  width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue];
A2 [label = "Marco"      width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue];
A3 [label = "Julian"     width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue];
A4 [label = "Pamela"     width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue];

//(^< ............ Links
A0 -> A1;
A1 -> A0;
A1 -> A2;
A2 -> A1;
A2 -> A3;
A3 -> A2;
A3 -> A4;
A4 -> A3;

Mt -> U0;
Mt -> A0 { constraint = true };

{ rank = same; Mt; A0; A1; A2; A3; A4; }

//(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ P E R M I S O S
//(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   0
N0_L0 [label = "Jose-Estr" width = 1.5];
N1_L0 [label = "Marc-Estr" width = 1.5];
N2_L0 [label = "Juli-Estr" width = 1.5];

//(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   2
N0_L2 [label = "Marc-Comp" width = 1.5];
N1_L2 [label = "Juli-Comp" width = 1.5];

//(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   4
N0_L4 [label = "Marc-Leng" width = 1.5];
N1_L4 [label = "Juli-Leng" width = 1.5];
N2_L4 [label = "Pame-Leng" width = 1.5];


//(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ L I N K I N G
//(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   0

U0 -> N0_L0;
A0 -> N0_L0;
N0_L0 -> N1_L0;
N1_L0 -> N0_L0;
A2 -> N1_L0;
N1_L0 -> N2_L0;
N2_L0 -> N1_L0;
A3 -> N2_L0;

{ rank = same; U0; N0_L0;N1_L0;N2_L0; }
//(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   2

U2 -> N0_L2;
N0_L2 ->N1_L0;
N1_L0 ->N0_L2;
N0_L2 -> N1_L2;
N1_L2 -> N0_L2;
N1_L2 ->N2_L0;
N2_L0 ->N1_L2;

{ rank = same; U2; N0_L2;N1_L2; }
//(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   4

U4 -> N0_L4;
N0_L4 ->N0_L2;
N0_L2 ->N0_L4;
N0_L4 -> N1_L4;
N1_L4 -> N0_L4;
N1_L4 ->N1_L2;
N1_L2 ->N1_L4;
N1_L4 -> N2_L4;
N2_L4 -> N1_L4;
A4 -> N2_L4;

{ rank = same; U4; N0_L4;N1_L4;N2_L4; }

}

enter code here

Answer 1

接近你想要的稀疏矩阵的最重要的工具是group:

group

If the end points of an edge belong to the same group, i.e., have the same group attribute, parameters are set to avoid crossings and keep the edges straight.

由于您的稀疏矩阵非常稀疏，我还需要一些空节点。我也删除了 [constraint = true] 因为它是默认值。我所做的更改如源代码中的注释：

digraph Sparce_Matrix {

    node [shape=box]
    
    /* add group 1 for vertical alignment */
    Mt[ label = "Matrix", width = 1.5, style = filled, fillcolor = firebrick1, group = 1 ];
    
    /* empty nodes, needed to override graphiz' default node placement */
    e0[ shape = point, width = 0 ];
    e1[ shape = point, width = 0 ];


    //(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ U S U A R I O S
    /* groups added for vertical alignment */ 
    U0 [label = "Estructuras"    pos = "5.3,3.5!" width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1, group = 1 ];
    U1 [label = "Redes"          width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1, group = 1 ];
    U2 [label = "Compiladores"   width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1, group = 1 ];
    U3 [label = "Investigacion"  width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1, group = 1 ];
    U4 [label = "Lenguajes"      width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = bisque1, group = 1 ];

    //(^< ............ Links
    U0 -> U1;
    U1 -> U0;
    U1 -> U2;
    U2 -> U1;
    U2 -> U3;
    U3 -> U2;
    U3 -> U4;
    U4 -> U3;

    //(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ A R C H I V O S
    /* groups 2 to 6 added for vertical alignment */
    A0 [label = "Josefina"   width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue, group = 2 ];
    A1 [label = "Alejandro"  width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue, group = 3 ];
    A2 [label = "Marco"      width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue, group = 4 ];
    A3 [label = "Julian"     width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue, group = 5 ];
    A4 [label = "Pamela"     width = 1.5 style = filled, fillcolor = lightskyblue, group = 6 ];

    //(^< ............ Links
    A0 -> A1;
    A1 -> A0;
    A1 -> A2;
    A2 -> A1;
    A2 -> A3;
    A3 -> A2;
    A3 -> A4;
    A4 -> A3;

    Mt -> U0;
    Mt -> A0;

    { rank = same; Mt; A0; A1; A2; A3; A4; }

    //(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ P E R M I S O S
    //(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   0
    /* groups 2 to 6 added for vertical alignment */
    N0_L0 [label = "Jose-Estr" width = 1.5, group = 2 ];
    N1_L0 [label = "Marc-Estr" width = 1.5, group = 4 ];
    N2_L0 [label = "Juli-Estr" width = 1.5, group = 5 ];

    //(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   2
    N0_L2 [label = "Marc-Comp" width = 1.5, group = 4 ];
    N1_L2 [label = "Juli-Comp" width = 1.5, group = 5 ];

    //(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   4
    N0_L4 [label = "Marc-Leng" width = 1.5, group = 4 ];
    N1_L4 [label = "Juli-Leng" width = 1.5, group = 5 ];
    N2_L4 [label = "Pame-Leng" width = 1.5, group = 6 ];


    //(^< ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ L I N K I N G
    //(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   0

    U0 -> N0_L0;
    A0 -> N0_L0;
    N0_L0 -> N1_L0;
    N1_L0 -> N0_L0;
    A2 -> N1_L0;
    N1_L0 -> N2_L0;
    N2_L0 -> N1_L0;
    A3 -> N2_L0;

    { rank = same; U0; N0_L0;N1_L0;N2_L0; }
    //(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   2

    U2 -> N0_L2;
    N0_L2 ->N1_L0;
    N1_L0 ->N0_L2;
    N0_L2 -> N1_L2;
    N1_L2 -> N0_L2;
    N1_L2 ->N2_L0;
    N2_L0 ->N1_L2;

    { rank = same; U2; N0_L2;N1_L2; }
    //(^< ............ ............ L E V E L   4

    U4 -> N0_L4;
    N0_L4 -> N0_L2;
    N0_L2 -> N0_L4;
    N0_L4 -> N1_L4;
    N1_L4 -> N0_L4;
    N1_L4 -> N1_L2;
    N1_L2 -> N1_L4;
    N1_L4 -> N2_L4;
    N2_L4 -> N1_L4;

    { rank = same; U4; N0_L4;N1_L4;N2_L4; }
    
    /* we divide the edge from A4 to N2_L4 into 'sub-edges',
       thus indirectly making sure that the U nodes stay in their place */
    { rank = same; U2; e0 }
    { rank = same; U3; e1 }
    A4 -> e0 -> e1[ dir = none ];
    e1 -> N2_L4;
}

产量

Graphviz 稀疏矩阵节点对齐

Graphviz Sparse Matrix Node Aligment

graphviz

vertical-alignment

sparse-matrix