CMake 无法 link 库正确
CMake cannot link library correctly
我正在做作业,我的项目树是
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── main.c
├── src
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── game
│ │ ├── game.c
│ │ └── game.h
│ └── main.c
└── test
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── homework_tests
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── gtest.cpp
│ └── gtest.h
└── lib
└──googletest
└──googletest
└──[library files (not compiled)]
main.c 文件里面只有一个 "Hello, world"。
阅读之前:
我正在尝试:
1. 从源文件
构建目标 src.so
2. 构建 google 测试库(在 test/lib/
文件夹中)
3. 从 tests/
文件夹
构建目标 runBasicTests
4. Link 他们在一起
我承认我不是 CMake 高手,所以请注意这一点。
文件
现在,假设我们在项目根目录中.
./
:
CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(c_homework)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -std=c11")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")
set(SOURCE_FILES
main.c)
add_executable(homework_run ${SOURCE_FILES})
add_subdirectory(src)
add_subdirectory(test)
target_link_libraries(homework_run src.so)
src/
:
CMakeLists.txt
set(SOURCE_FILES
game/game.c)
add_library(src.so ${SOURCE_FILES})
target_include_directories (src.so PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
game/game.h
#ifndef C_HOMEWORK_GAME_H
#define C_HOMEWORK_GAME_H
#include <stdbool.h>
struct game_t {
int id, price;
const char *country_code;
};
bool is_game_available(struct game_t, const char[4]);
int how_many_available(struct game_t*, size_t, const char[4]);
#endif //C_HOMEWORK_GAME_H
game/game.c
#include <string.h>
#include "game.h"
bool is_game_available(struct game_t game, const char country_code[4])
{
return strcmp(game.country_code, country_code) == 0;
}
int how_many_available(struct game_t * games, size_t game_count, const
char country_code[4]) {
int available_games = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < game_count; i++) {
if (is_game_available(games[i], country_code)) {
available_games++;
}
}
return available_games;
}
test/
:
CMakeLists.txt
project(homework_tests)
add_subdirectory(lib/googletest/googletest)
add_subdirectory(homework_tests)
homework_tests/CMakeLists.txt
include_directories(${gTest_SOURCE_DIR}/include ${gTest_SOURCE_DIR})
add_executable(runBasicTests
gtest.cpp)
target_link_libraries(runBasicTests gtest gtest_main)
target_link_libraries(runBasicTests src.so)
homework_tests/gtest.cpp
#include "gtest.h"
#include <game/game.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
TEST(gameTests, gameTest1) {
struct game_t game{};
game.country_code = "359";
game.id = 1;
game.price = 69;
EXPECT_EQ(is_game_available(game, "359"), true);
}
homework_tests/gtest.h
#ifndef MYPROJECTNAME_GTEST_H
#define MYPROJECTNAME_GTEST_H
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#endif //MYPROJECTNAME_GTEST_H
问题是,当我尝试 运行 测试时,我得到一个 linker 错误:
/opt/clion-2018.1/bin/cmake/bin/cmake --build
/home/denis/CLionProjects/c_homework/cmake-build-debug --target
runBasicTests -- -j 1
[ 25%] Built target gtest
Scanning dependencies of target src.so
[ 37%] Building C object src/CMakeFiles/src.so.dir/game/game.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C static library libsrc.so.a
[ 50%] **Built target src.so**
[ 75%] Built target gtest_main
[ 87%] Linking CXX executable runBasicTests
CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/gtest.cpp.o: In function
`gameTests_gameTest1_Test::TestBody()':
/home/denis/CLionProjects/c_homework/test/homework_tests/gtest.cpp:18:
<--------------- Here ----------------->
undefined reference to `is_game_available(game_t, char const*)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/build.make:98: recipe
for target 'test/homework_tests/runBasicTests' failed
make[3]: *** [test/homework_tests/runBasicTests] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:294: recipe for target
'test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/all' failed
make[2]: *** [test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/all]
Error 2
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:306: recipe for target
'test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/rule' failed
make[1]: *** [test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/rule]
Error 2
Makefile:170: recipe for target 'runBasicTests' failed
make: *** [runBasicTests] Error 2
- 不需要我的库的测试 运行 正确
src/
文件夹和 link 中的目标与 src.so
库 运行 正确
问题是我从 C++ 代码调用 C 代码,而 C++ 编译器正在更改函数的名称 (name-mangling),这就是我收到 undefined reference
错误的原因。
解决方案是告诉编译器以下函数声明是外部“C”代码。
test/homework_tests/gtest
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Declarations of this file */
bool is_game_available(struct game_t, const char[4]);
int how_many_available(struct game_t *, size_t, const char[4]);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
问题解决了。谢谢大家。 XD
我正在做作业,我的项目树是
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── main.c
├── src
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── game
│ │ ├── game.c
│ │ └── game.h
│ └── main.c
└── test
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── homework_tests
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── gtest.cpp
│ └── gtest.h
└── lib
└──googletest
└──googletest
└──[library files (not compiled)]
main.c 文件里面只有一个 "Hello, world"。
阅读之前:
我正在尝试:
1. 从源文件
构建目标 src.so
2. 构建 google 测试库(在 test/lib/
文件夹中)
3. 从 tests/
文件夹
构建目标 runBasicTests
4. Link 他们在一起
我承认我不是 CMake 高手,所以请注意这一点。
文件
现在,假设我们在项目根目录中.
./
:
CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(c_homework)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -std=c11")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")
set(SOURCE_FILES
main.c)
add_executable(homework_run ${SOURCE_FILES})
add_subdirectory(src)
add_subdirectory(test)
target_link_libraries(homework_run src.so)
src/
:
CMakeLists.txt
set(SOURCE_FILES
game/game.c)
add_library(src.so ${SOURCE_FILES})
target_include_directories (src.so PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
game/game.h
#ifndef C_HOMEWORK_GAME_H
#define C_HOMEWORK_GAME_H
#include <stdbool.h>
struct game_t {
int id, price;
const char *country_code;
};
bool is_game_available(struct game_t, const char[4]);
int how_many_available(struct game_t*, size_t, const char[4]);
#endif //C_HOMEWORK_GAME_H
game/game.c
#include <string.h>
#include "game.h"
bool is_game_available(struct game_t game, const char country_code[4])
{
return strcmp(game.country_code, country_code) == 0;
}
int how_many_available(struct game_t * games, size_t game_count, const
char country_code[4]) {
int available_games = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < game_count; i++) {
if (is_game_available(games[i], country_code)) {
available_games++;
}
}
return available_games;
}
test/
:
CMakeLists.txt
project(homework_tests)
add_subdirectory(lib/googletest/googletest)
add_subdirectory(homework_tests)
homework_tests/CMakeLists.txt
include_directories(${gTest_SOURCE_DIR}/include ${gTest_SOURCE_DIR})
add_executable(runBasicTests
gtest.cpp)
target_link_libraries(runBasicTests gtest gtest_main)
target_link_libraries(runBasicTests src.so)
homework_tests/gtest.cpp
#include "gtest.h"
#include <game/game.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
TEST(gameTests, gameTest1) {
struct game_t game{};
game.country_code = "359";
game.id = 1;
game.price = 69;
EXPECT_EQ(is_game_available(game, "359"), true);
}
homework_tests/gtest.h
#ifndef MYPROJECTNAME_GTEST_H
#define MYPROJECTNAME_GTEST_H
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#endif //MYPROJECTNAME_GTEST_H
问题是,当我尝试 运行 测试时,我得到一个 linker 错误:
/opt/clion-2018.1/bin/cmake/bin/cmake --build
/home/denis/CLionProjects/c_homework/cmake-build-debug --target
runBasicTests -- -j 1
[ 25%] Built target gtest
Scanning dependencies of target src.so
[ 37%] Building C object src/CMakeFiles/src.so.dir/game/game.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C static library libsrc.so.a
[ 50%] **Built target src.so**
[ 75%] Built target gtest_main
[ 87%] Linking CXX executable runBasicTests
CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/gtest.cpp.o: In function
`gameTests_gameTest1_Test::TestBody()':
/home/denis/CLionProjects/c_homework/test/homework_tests/gtest.cpp:18:
<--------------- Here ----------------->
undefined reference to `is_game_available(game_t, char const*)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/build.make:98: recipe
for target 'test/homework_tests/runBasicTests' failed
make[3]: *** [test/homework_tests/runBasicTests] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:294: recipe for target
'test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/all' failed
make[2]: *** [test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/all]
Error 2
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:306: recipe for target
'test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/rule' failed
make[1]: *** [test/homework_tests/CMakeFiles/runBasicTests.dir/rule]
Error 2
Makefile:170: recipe for target 'runBasicTests' failed
make: *** [runBasicTests] Error 2
- 不需要我的库的测试 运行 正确
src/
文件夹和 link 中的目标与src.so
库 运行 正确
问题是我从 C++ 代码调用 C 代码,而 C++ 编译器正在更改函数的名称 (name-mangling),这就是我收到 undefined reference
错误的原因。
解决方案是告诉编译器以下函数声明是外部“C”代码。
test/homework_tests/gtest
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Declarations of this file */
bool is_game_available(struct game_t, const char[4]);
int how_many_available(struct game_t *, size_t, const char[4]);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
问题解决了。谢谢大家。 XD