我应该什么时候实施 std::convert::From 与 std::convert::Into?
When should I implement std::convert::From vs std::convert::Into?
我看到 std::convert::Into
has an implementation for anything that implements std::convert::From
:
impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where
U: From<T>,
在 Rust 1.0 标准库中,From
有很多实现,而 Into
只在 3 个地方实现。这使得实现 From
似乎应该是默认的。我确定有时我想实现 Into
而不是 From
,但我没有看到它们。
TL;DR:更喜欢实施 From
.
有趣的是,the original RFC about the std::convert
traits 提出了相反的全面实施:
impl<T, U> From<T> for U
where
T: Into<U>
但是在实现它的 PR 上,it was changed to the opposite:
Added From
=> Into
implementation, which makes it possible to add conversions in both directions without running afoul of coherence. For example, we now have From<[T]> for Vec<T>
where T: Clone
, which yields the corresponding Into
going in the other direction -- despite the fact that the two types live in different crates.
I also believe this addresses a few concerns about things implementing From
instead of Into
这个最后一刻的变化反映了 From
和 Into
基本上是等价的。 From
被选为首选,因为从“类型参数与本地类型”的角度来看,它的限制较少。
在 Rust 1.41.0 之前,不可能制作 impl<'a, T> Into<Foo> for &'a [T]
,而 impl<'a, T> From<&'a [T]> for Foo
是可能的。
第一次尝试提出了 E0210
:
error[E0210]: type parameter `T` must be used as the type parameter for some local type (e.g., `MyStruct<T>`)
--> x.rs:3:10
|
3 | impl<'a, T> Into<Foo> for &'a [T] {
| ^ type parameter `T` must be used as the type parameter for some local type
|
= note: only traits defined in the current crate can be implemented for a type parameter
在 Rust 1.14 之前的标准库中,只有两个实现 Into
而不是 From
的例子:
impl Into<Vec<u8>> for String
impl Into<OsString> for PathBuf
我觉得这些都是他们接口逻辑的体现。 OsString
实现了 From<String>
和 From<T> where T: AsRef<OsStr>
,因为它们是您想要从中构建 OsString
的自然事物。
然而,PathBuf
仍然实现了Into<OsString>
作为其From<OsString>
实现的逆向操作,但是这个逻辑属于PathBuf
,而不是OsString
。
我看到 std::convert::Into
has an implementation for anything that implements std::convert::From
:
impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where
U: From<T>,
在 Rust 1.0 标准库中,From
有很多实现,而 Into
只在 3 个地方实现。这使得实现 From
似乎应该是默认的。我确定有时我想实现 Into
而不是 From
,但我没有看到它们。
TL;DR:更喜欢实施 From
.
有趣的是,the original RFC about the std::convert
traits 提出了相反的全面实施:
impl<T, U> From<T> for U
where
T: Into<U>
但是在实现它的 PR 上,it was changed to the opposite:
Added
From
=>Into
implementation, which makes it possible to add conversions in both directions without running afoul of coherence. For example, we now haveFrom<[T]> for Vec<T>
whereT: Clone
, which yields the correspondingInto
going in the other direction -- despite the fact that the two types live in different crates.I also believe this addresses a few concerns about things implementing
From
instead ofInto
这个最后一刻的变化反映了 From
和 Into
基本上是等价的。 From
被选为首选,因为从“类型参数与本地类型”的角度来看,它的限制较少。
在 Rust 1.41.0 之前,不可能制作 impl<'a, T> Into<Foo> for &'a [T]
,而 impl<'a, T> From<&'a [T]> for Foo
是可能的。
第一次尝试提出了 E0210
:
error[E0210]: type parameter `T` must be used as the type parameter for some local type (e.g., `MyStruct<T>`)
--> x.rs:3:10
|
3 | impl<'a, T> Into<Foo> for &'a [T] {
| ^ type parameter `T` must be used as the type parameter for some local type
|
= note: only traits defined in the current crate can be implemented for a type parameter
在 Rust 1.14 之前的标准库中,只有两个实现 Into
而不是 From
的例子:
impl Into<Vec<u8>> for String
impl Into<OsString> for PathBuf
我觉得这些都是他们接口逻辑的体现。 OsString
实现了 From<String>
和 From<T> where T: AsRef<OsStr>
,因为它们是您想要从中构建 OsString
的自然事物。
然而,PathBuf
仍然实现了Into<OsString>
作为其From<OsString>
实现的逆向操作,但是这个逻辑属于PathBuf
,而不是OsString
。