程序类型已存在：com.google.android.gms.common.util.VisibleForTesting -':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'

Question

每当我尝试运行 Android Studio 3.1.2 中的程序时，我都会收到此错误。

程序类型已存在：com.google.android.gms.common.util.VisibleForTesting Message{kind=ERROR, text=程序类型已经存在：com.google.android.gms.common.util.VisibleForTesting, sources=[Unknown source file], tool name=Optional.of(D8)}

我的 gradle 模块应用程序：

buildscript {
repositories {
    google()
    jcenter()

    maven {
        url "https://maven.google.com" // Google's Maven repository
    }
}
dependencies {
    classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.2'
    classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.2.1'

    // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
    // in the individual module build.gradle files
}

}

allprojects {
repositories {
    google()
    jcenter()

    maven {
        url "https://maven.google.com"
    }
    maven {
        url "https://maven.fabric.io/public"
    }
}

}

task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir

}

这是我的 Gradle 模块应用程序

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
compileSdkVersion 27
defaultConfig {
    applicationId "myproject"
    minSdkVersion 19
    targetSdkVersion 27
    versionCode 1
    versionName "1.0"
    multiDexEnabled true
    testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
    release {
        minifyEnabled false
        proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
    }
}

compileOptions {
    sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}

}

dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
//noinspection GradleCompatible
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
implementation'com.android.support:design:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.0'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'enter code here



// FirebaseUI for Firebase Auth
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-auth:3.3.1'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:15.0.0'
//Firebase RealTime Database
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-database:15.0.0'
// FirebaseUI for Cloud Storage
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-storage:3.3.1'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:15.0.0'

//circleimageView
implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:2.1.0'

//Libreria utilizada para medir dimension de layout de chat cuando cambia de tamaño
implementation 'net.the4thdimension:android-utils:2.0.4'

//To scale every screen sizes , sp
implementation 'com.intuit.sdp:sdp-android:1.0.5'

//authenticacion para formato de numero de telefono
implementation 'com.googlecode.libphonenumber:libphonenumber:8.4.2'
implementation 'com.weiwangcn.betterspinner:library-material:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.amitshekhar.android:android-networking:1.0.0'

//Volley
implementation 'com.android.volley:volley:1.0.+'
implementation 'org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.6'

}

apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

Answer 1

Firebase Android SDKs now have independent version numbers, allowing for more frequent, flexible updates.

更新google play gradle插件版本到最新版本，目前是3.3.0。

classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.3.0'

Answer 2

请更改以下代码行：

implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:15.0.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:15.0.0'

至

implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:15.1.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:15.0.2'

更多信息here。

和

classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.2.1'

至

classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.3.0'

Answer 3

我做了这里建议的更改，但问题仍然存在！！

 classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.3.0'

 dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
//noinspection GradleCompatible
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:15.0.2'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:15.0.1'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
 compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:15.0.2'
// FirebaseUI for Firebase Auth

implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:15.1.0'
//Firebase RealTime Database
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-database:15.0.1'
// FirebaseUI for Cloud Storage

implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:15.0.2'

implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:15.0.0'

//circleimageView
implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:2.1.0'

//Libreria utilizada para medir dimension de layout de chat cuando cambia de tamaño
implementation 'net.the4thdimension:android-utils:2.0.4'

//To scale every screen sizes , sp
implementation 'com.intuit.sdp:sdp-android:1.0.5'

//authenticacion para formato de numero de telefono
implementation 'com.googlecode.libphonenumber:libphonenumber:8.4.2'
implementation 'com.weiwangcn.betterspinner:library-material:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.amitshekhar.android:android-networking:1.0.0'

//Volley
implementation 'com.android.volley:volley:1.0.+'
implementation 'org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.6'

} 应用插件：'com.google.gms.google-services'

Answer 4

VisibleForTesting.java 是 Support Annotations library 中的 class，这是导致问题的原因，如果您导入了上述库的多个版本，您将面对你提到的 D8 抱怨，如果你的项目有多个模块，请尝试在你的项目中使用 api、implmentation 而不是 compile gradle.builds，并尝试只使用上述库的一个版本，这对我有用！

Answer 5

如果将 google 播放 gradle 插件版本更新到最新版本后问题仍然存在，使用 Android 在整个项目中搜索给定文件Studio 文件搜索 和 查找具有相同包名称 的搜索。问题是具有相同包和文件名的文件存在于两个不同的 jar 中（在我的例子中，一个 jar 是旧的 google analytics services jar，它已被手动下载并作为库添加到项目中). Please check image for clarity. 我们必须解决这个冲突（我已经删除了我的旧 jar，因为它不再需要）并且项目将会构建。

Answer 6

我通过删除未使用的 jar 解决了这个问题，或者如果您不使用任何 jar，请评论这一行
实现 fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])

程序类型已存在：com.google.android.gms.common.util.VisibleForTesting -':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'

Program type already present: com.google.android.gms.common.util.VisibleForTesting -':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'

android

gradle

firebase

google-play-services