Androidjava.lang.OutOfMemoryError？

Question

04-25 08:19:10.111    2431-2603/com.example.francesco.guidedautorewithtabs E/art﹕ Throwing OutOfMemoryError "Failed to allocate a 4194316 byte allocation with 1983651 free bytes and 1937KB until OOM"
04-25 08:19:10.114    2431-2603/com.example.francesco.guidedautorewithtabs E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: GLThread 285
Process: com.example.francesco.guidedautorewithtabs, PID: 2431
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Failed to allocate a 4194316 byte allocation with 1983651 free bytes and 1937KB until OOM
        at dalvik.system.VMRuntime.newNonMovableArray(Native Method)
        at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
        at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:817)
        at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:794)
        at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:761)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.c.l.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.c.o.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.c.o.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.c.o.b(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.c.b.ak.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.c.b.as.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.x.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.l.a(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.l.b(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.cj.g(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.gmm6.o.cj.run(Unknown Source)

在我的 Android 代码中，我有很多图像必须显示在不同的片段中。其中一些存储在资产文件夹中，其他从 http 请求中获取。出于这个原因，我实现了图像缓存，以便不违反 java.lang.OutOfMemoryError，但是这个错误似乎仍然存在。我该如何解决这个问题？下面是我的图像缓存实现。

ImageLoader

public class ImageLoader {
MemoryCache memoryCache=new MemoryCache();
FileCache fileCache;
private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews=Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>());
ExecutorService executorService;
private Context context;

public ImageLoader(Context context){
    this.context=context;
    fileCache=new FileCache(context);
    executorService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
}

final int stub_id= R.drawable.no_image;
public void DisplayImage(String url, ImageView imageView)
{
    imageViews.put(imageView, url);
    Bitmap bitmap=memoryCache.get(url);
    if(bitmap!=null)
        imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
    else
    {
        queuePhoto(url, imageView);
        imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
    }
}

private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView)
{
    PhotoToLoad p=new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
    executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(p));
}

private Bitmap getBitmapFromAsset(String strName)
{
    AssetManager assetManager = context.getAssets();
    InputStream istr = null;
    try {
        istr = assetManager.open(strName);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(istr);
    return bitmap;
}

private Bitmap getBitmap(String url)
{
    File f=fileCache.getFile(url);

    //from SD cache
    Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
    if(b!=null)
        return b;

    //from assets
    Bitmap bm = getBitmapFromAsset(url);

    if(bm!=null)
        return bm;

    //from web
    try {
        Bitmap bitmap=null;
        URL imageUrl = new URL(url);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)imageUrl.openConnection();
        conn.setConnectTimeout(30000);
        conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
        conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
        InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
        Utils.CopyStream(is, os);
        os.close();
        bitmap = decodeFile(f);
        return bitmap;
    } catch (Throwable ex){
        ex.printStackTrace();
        if(ex instanceof OutOfMemoryError)
            memoryCache.clear();
        return null;
    }
}

//decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
private Bitmap decodeFile(File f){
    try {
        //decode image size
        BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f),null,o);

        //Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
        final int REQUIRED_SIZE=70;
        int width_tmp=o.outWidth, height_tmp=o.outHeight;
        int scale=1;
        while(true){
            if(width_tmp/2<REQUIRED_SIZE || height_tmp/2<REQUIRED_SIZE)
                break;
            width_tmp/=2;
            height_tmp/=2;
            scale*=2;
        }

        //decode with inSampleSize
        BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        o2.inSampleSize=scale;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {}
    return null;
}

//Task for the queue
private class PhotoToLoad
{
    public String url;
    public ImageView imageView;
    public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i){
        url=u;
        imageView=i;
    }
}

class PhotosLoader implements Runnable {
    PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
    PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){
        this.photoToLoad=photoToLoad;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
            return;
        Bitmap bmp=getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
        memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
        if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
            return;
        BitmapDisplayer bd=new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad);
        Activity a=(Activity)photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
        a.runOnUiThread(bd);
    }
}

boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){
    String tag=imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView);
    if(tag==null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url))
        return true;
    return false;
}

//Used to display bitmap in the UI thread
class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable
{
    Bitmap bitmap;
    PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
    public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, PhotoToLoad p){bitmap=b;photoToLoad=p;}
    public void run()
    {
        if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
            return;
        if(bitmap!=null)
            photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        else
            photoToLoad.imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
    }
}

public void clearCache() {
    memoryCache.clear();
    fileCache.clear();
}
}

文件缓存

public class FileCache {

private File cacheDir;

public FileCache(Context context){
    //Find the dir to save cached images
    if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
        cacheDir=new File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"TTImages_cache");
    else
        cacheDir=context.getCacheDir();
    if(!cacheDir.exists())
        cacheDir.mkdirs();
}

public File getFile(String url){
    //I identify images by hashcode. Not a perfect solution, good for the demo.
    String filename=String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
    //Another possible solution (thanks to grantland)
    //String filename = URLEncoder.encode(url);
    File f = new File(cacheDir, filename);
    return f;

}

public void clear(){
    File[] files=cacheDir.listFiles();
    if(files==null)
        return;
    for(File f:files)
        f.delete();
}

}

内存缓存

public class MemoryCache {

private static final String TAG = "MemoryCache";
private Map<String, Bitmap> cache=Collections.synchronizedMap(
        new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(10,1.5f,true));//Last argument true for LRU ordering
private long size=0;//current allocated size
private long limit=1000000;//max memory in bytes

public MemoryCache(){
    //use 25% of available heap size
    setLimit(Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory()/4);
}

public void setLimit(long new_limit){
    limit=new_limit;
    Log.i(TAG, "MemoryCache will use up to "+limit/1024./1024.+"MB");
}

public Bitmap get(String id){
    try{
        if(!cache.containsKey(id))
            return null;
        //NullPointerException sometimes happen here http://code.google.com/p/osmdroid/issues/detail?id=78
        return cache.get(id);
    }catch(NullPointerException ex){
        ex.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}

public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap){
    try{
        if(cache.containsKey(id))
            size-=getSizeInBytes(cache.get(id));
        cache.put(id, bitmap);
        size+=getSizeInBytes(bitmap);
        checkSize();
    }catch(Throwable th){
        th.printStackTrace();
    }
}

private void checkSize() {
    Log.i(TAG, "cache size="+size+" length="+cache.size());
    if(size>limit){
        Iterator<Entry<String, Bitmap>> iter=cache.entrySet().iterator();//least recently accessed item will be the first one iterated
        while(iter.hasNext()){
            Entry<String, Bitmap> entry=iter.next();
            size-=getSizeInBytes(entry.getValue());
            iter.remove();
            if(size<=limit)
                break;
        }
        Log.i(TAG, "Clean cache. New size "+cache.size());
    }
}

public void clear() {
    try{
        //NullPointerException sometimes happen here http://code.google.com/p/osmdroid/issues/detail?id=78
        cache.clear();
        size=0;
    }catch(NullPointerException ex){
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}

long getSizeInBytes(Bitmap bitmap) {
    if(bitmap==null)
        return 0;
    return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight();
}
}

实用程序

public class Utils {
public static void CopyStream(InputStream is, OutputStream os)
{
    final int buffer_size=1024;
    try
    {
        byte[] bytes=new byte[buffer_size];
        for(;;)
        {
            int count=is.read(bytes, 0, buffer_size);
            if(count==-1)
                break;
            os.write(bytes, 0, count);
        }
    }
    catch(Exception ex){}
}
}

Answer 1

尝试在将图像加载到内存之前以及不需要使用此图像对象时手动调用 System.gc()。

Answer 2

这是因为内存不足，图片文件较大，要解决此问题，请在您的 class:

中添加此方法

public static Bitmap decodeImageFile(File f,int WIDTH,int HIGHT){
             try {
                 //Decode image size
                 BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                 o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
                 BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f),null,o);

                 //The new size we want to scale to
                 final int REQUIRED_WIDTH=WIDTH;
                 final int REQUIRED_HIGHT=HIGHT;
                 //Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
                 int scale=1;
                 while(o.outWidth/scale/2>=REQUIRED_WIDTH && o.outHeight/scale/2>=REQUIRED_HIGHT)
                     scale*=2;

                 //Decode with inSampleSize
                 BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                 o2.inSampleSize=scale;
                 return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
             } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {}
             return null;
            }

然后在你使用这个的地方调用这个方法：

Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);

使用这个安装：

Bitmap b = decodeImageFile(f, 1280, 720);

Answer 3

试试这个可能对你有帮助在您的清单文件中添加此标签。

<application android:largeHeap="true">
</application>

它将为您的应用分配大堆

Answer 4

高效加载大位图： http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/load-bitmap.html

缓存位图： http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/cache-bitmap.html

尝试调整图像大小并在使用后回收位图。

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

 public class ImageResizer {

 public static Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromFile(String filename,
    int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
// First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
final BitmapFactory.Options
        options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filename, options);
// Calculate inSampleSize
options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);
// Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filename, options);
 }

   public static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
    int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
// BEGIN_INCLUDE (calculate_sample_size)
// Raw height and width of image
final int height = options.outHeight;
final int width = options.outWidth;
int inSampleSize = 1;

if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {

    final int halfHeight = height / 2;
    final int halfWidth = width / 2;

    // Calculate the largest inSampleSize value that is a power of 2 and keeps both
    // height and width larger than the requested height and width.
    while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight
            && (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {
        inSampleSize *= 2;
    }

    // This offers some additional logic in case the image has a strange
    // aspect ratio. For example, a panorama may have a much larger
    // width than height. In these cases the total pixels might still
    // end up being too large to fit comfortably in memory, so we should
    // be more aggressive with sample down the image (=larger inSampleSize).

    long totalPixels = width * height / inSampleSize;

    // Anything more than 2x the requested pixels we'll sample down further
    final long totalReqPixelsCap = reqWidth * reqHeight * 2;

    while (totalPixels > totalReqPixelsCap) {
        inSampleSize *= 2;
        totalPixels /= 2;
    }
}
return inSampleSize;
// END_INCLUDE (calculate_sample_size)
 }
 }

Answer 5

你可以试试这个代码....

BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 8;    

Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(img,options);
imageView.setImageBitmap(bm);

Answer 6

    <application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:largeHeap="true"/>

Answer 7

OutOfMemoryError 是 android 中最常见的问题，尤其是在处理位图时。当由于内存不足 space 而无法分配对象时，Java 虚拟机 (JVM) 会抛出此错误，而且垃圾收集器无法释放一些 space.

如 Aleksey 所述，您可以在清单文件 android:hardwareAccelerated="false" 中添加以下实体，android:largeHeap="true" 它适用于某些环境。

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:hardwareAccelerated="false"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:largeHeap="true"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

Answer 8

在清单文件中添加此标签。

<application android:largeHeap="true"> </application>

Androidjava.lang.OutOfMemoryError？

Android java.lang.OutOfMemoryError?

performance

android

memory-leaks

out-of-memory

image-caching