键盘输入和得分。 Python 乌龟

Question

我找到了一个 "flappy game" 项目，我正在根据自己的喜好对其进行修改。

我想知道如何用键盘而不是鼠标来控制定义 "tap"（我试过在线代码 "onkey" 但它没有用）我会想知道能不能加分

接下来我附上我目前拥有的代码，非常感谢您的反馈。

from random import *
from turtle import *
from freegames import vector

bird = vector(0, 0)
balls = []

def tap(x, y):
    "Move bird up in response to screen tap."
    up = vector(0, 30)
    bird.move(up)

def inside(point):
    "Return True if point on screen."
    return -200 < point.x < 200 and -200 < point.y < 200

def draw(alive):
    "Draw screen objects."
    clear()

    goto(bird.x, bird.y)

    if alive:
        dot(10, 'green')
    else:
        dot(10, 'red')

    for ball in balls:
        goto(ball.x, ball.y)
        dot(20, 'black')

    update()

def move():
    "Update object positions."
    bird.y -= 5

    for ball in balls:
        ball.x -= 3

    if randrange(10) == 0:
        y = randrange(-199, 199)
        ball = vector(199, y)
        balls.append(ball)

    while len(balls) > 0 and not inside(balls[0]):
        balls.pop(0)

    if not inside(bird):
        draw(False)
        return

    for ball in balls:
        if abs(ball - bird) < 15:
            draw(False)
            return

    draw(True)
    ontimer(move, 50)

setup(420, 420, 370, 0)
hideturtle()
up()
tracer(False)
onscreenclick(tap)
move()
done()

各种函数我都试过了，none都行。

Answer 1

I would like to know how I can control the definition "tap" with the keyboard and not with the mouse

这应该像替换一样简单：

onscreenclick(tap)

和

onkey(tap, "Up")
listen()

并将 x 和 y 参数删除到 tap()。我在下面重新编写了您的代码以进行此更改并消除：

from freegames import vector

并使用 turtle 中可用的内容使其成为运行。我还更改了保持向量并让默认海龟在它们的位置绘制点的逻辑，而不是让球和鸟都成为海龟，并根据需要移动它们。由于海龟通常不会被垃圾收集，我保留了一份已经离开屏幕的球的列表，以便再次使用：

from random import randrange
from turtle import Turtle, Screen

BIRD_RADIUS = 10
BALL_RADIUS = 20
CURSOR_SIZE = 20

WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT = 420, 420
GALLERY_WIDTH, GALLERY_HEIGHT = WINDOW_WIDTH - BALL_RADIUS, WINDOW_HEIGHT - BIRD_RADIUS

def click():
    "Move bird up in response to screen key click."

    bird.forward(min(BIRD_RADIUS * 3, WINDOW_HEIGHT/2 - bird.ycor()))  # flying higher

def is_ball_inside(turtle):
    "Return True if point on screen."

    x = turtle.xcor()

    return -GALLERY_WIDTH/2 < x

def is_bird_inside(turtle):
    "Return True if point on screen."

    y = turtle.ycor()

    return -GALLERY_HEIGHT/2 < y < GALLERY_HEIGHT/2

def draw(is_alive):
    "Draw screen objects."

    if not is_alive:
        bird.color('red')

    screen.update()

def move():
    "Update object positions."

    if not is_bird_inside(bird):
        draw(False)  # flew or fell out of gallery
        return

    bird.backward(BIRD_RADIUS/2)  # falling to earth

    for ball in balls:
        ball.forward(3)

    for ball in balls:
        if ball.distance(bird) < (BIRD_RADIUS + BALL_RADIUS) / 2:
            draw(False)
            return

    while balls and not is_ball_inside(balls[0]):
        ball = balls.pop(0)
        ball.hideturtle()

        spare_balls.append(ball)  # reduce, reuse, recycle

    if randrange(10) == 0:
        ball = spare_balls.pop() if spare_balls else Turtle("circle", visible=False)
        ball.shapesize(BALL_RADIUS / CURSOR_SIZE)
        ball.setheading(180)
        ball.penup()
        ball.goto(GALLERY_WIDTH/2, randrange(BALL_RADIUS - GALLERY_HEIGHT/2, GALLERY_HEIGHT/2 - BALL_RADIUS))
        ball.showturtle()

        balls.append(ball)

    draw(True)

    screen.ontimer(move, 50)

screen = Screen()
screen.setup(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT + 10)  # little bit added for title bar

bird = Turtle("circle", visible=False)
bird.shapesize(BIRD_RADIUS / CURSOR_SIZE)
bird.color("green")
bird.setheading(90)
bird.penup()
bird.showturtle()

balls = []
spare_balls = []

screen.tracer(False)

screen.onkey(click, "Up")
screen.listen()

move()

screen.mainloop()

要使乌龟 window 成为键盘侦听器，您需要用鼠标触摸它，使其处于活动状态，然后再按向上箭头键。

在将当前得分添加到 window 之前，您需要定义一个得分的方式。（它是成功躲避的球数吗？）这里我会使用一个额外的，隐形的乌龟驻扎在一个固定的位置，它只是undo()和write()来更新分数。

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