如何正确使用 spring 引导测试？

Question

我不太明白如何正确使用 Spring 中的测试。我真的需要对整个 Spring 配置执行完全初始化才能运行测试吗？

我有一个最终的集成测试，一个正常的控制器调用，并检查它的响应。我必须这样做：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class RestControllerTest {
    @Autowired
    HomeRestController homeRestController;
    @Test
    @Repeat(value = 15)
    public void test() throws Exception {
        RequestSearch requestSearch = new RequestSearch();
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = mock(HttpServletResponse.class);
        requestSearch.setMonth(7);
        requestSearch.setYear(2018);
        requestSearch.setGbNumber(5010);
        requestSearch.setPayTime(new Double(32));
        requestSearch.setScanTime(new Double(2.7));
        requestSearch.setWaitTime(new Double(35));
        ReportResponse reportResponse = homeRestController.find(requestSearch, httpServletResponse);

        Assert.assertTrue(reportResponse.cashBoxPlans.size() == 1487);
        Assert.assertTrue(reportResponse.getExcelPath().equals("ExceReport.xls"));

    }
}

查看 Spring 文档后，我找到了一个完美的示例，并想添加一个单独的 class 测试：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(HomeRestController.class)
public class RestControllerMockTest {
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mvc;
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        RequestSearch requestSearch = new RequestSearch();
        requestSearch.setMonth(7);
        requestSearch.setYear(2018);
        requestSearch.setGbNumber(5010);
        requestSearch.setPayTime(new Double(32));
        requestSearch.setScanTime(new Double(2.7));
        requestSearch.setWaitTime(new Double(35));
        mvc.perform(post(HomeRestController.postUrl,requestSearch).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)).andExpect(status().isOk());    
    }
 }

但是这个测试不起作用，这是抛出的异常：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [ru/denisa/configuration/SQLServerDatabaseConfiguration.class]:

异常(SQLServerDatabaseConfiguration)中提到的配置class是配置class注释为@Configuration。

如果我在测试中添加以下注释：

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)

然后我得到以下异常：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Configuration error: found multiple declarations of @BootstrapWith for test class [ru.denisa.test.service.rest.RestControllerMockTest]:

怎么做才对？谢谢！

Answer 1

试试这个。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = MainApp.class)
@EnableWebMvc
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class RestControllerMockTest {
@Autowired
HomeRestController homeRestController;

@Before
public void setUp(){
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}

}

Answer 2

稍微简单一点的代码：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(controllers = HomeRestController.class)
public class RestControllerMockTest {

}

PS。要禁用安全性，只需更改 @WebMvcTest(controllers = HomeRestController.class, secure= false)

如何正确使用 spring 引导测试？

How to use the spring boot tests correctly?

java

spring

spring-test

spring-boot