在 C 中写一个 shell 我的程序无法退出（）

Question

我正在编写一个程序来在 C 中实现一个简单的 shell 但是当我在最后执行程序时，当我键入 exit 时，它不会退出。

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#define BUFFER_LEN 1024

int main()
{
        char line[BUFFER_LEN];  //get command line
        char *argv[100];        //user command
        char *path = "/bin/";   //set path at bin
        char progpath[20];      //full file path
        int argc;               //arg count

        while (1) {

                printf("My shell>> ");  //print shell prompt

                if (!fgets(line, BUFFER_LEN, stdin)) {  //get command and put it in line
                        size_t length = strlen(line);
                        if (line[length - 1] == '\n')
                        line[length - 1] = '[=11=]';
                        break;  //if user hits CTRL+D break
                }
                if (strcmp(line, "exit") == 0) {        //check if command is exit
                        exit(0);
                        break;
                }

                char *token;    //split command into separate strings
                token = strtok(line, " ");
                int i = 0;
                while (token != NULL) {
                        argv[i] = token;
                        token = strtok(NULL, " ");
                        i++;
                }
                argv[i] = NULL; //set last value to NULL for execvp

                argc = i;       //get arg count
                for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
                        printf("%s\n", argv[i]);        //print command/args
                }
                strcpy(progpath, path); //copy /bin/ to file path
                strcat(progpath, argv[0]);      //add program to path

                for (i = 0; i < strlen(progpath); i++) {        //delete newline
 if (progpath[i] == '\n') {
                                progpath[i] = '[=11=]';
                        }
                }
                int pid = fork();       //fork child

                if (pid == 0) { //Child
                        execvp(progpath, argv);
                        fprintf(stderr, "Child process could not do execvp\n");

                } else {        //Parent
                        wait(NULL);
                        printf("Child exited\n");
                }

        }
}

我在 cygwin 上执行因此生成 a.exe。

程序的执行

$ ./a.exe
My shell>> ls
ls

a.exe  p3.4.cpp  p3.6.cpp  p3.6.cpp~  p3.7.cpp  p3.7.cpp~  p3.cpp  shell.c  shell.c~  test.txt
Child exited
My shell>> cat test.txt
cat.txt

Child process could not do execvp
My shell>> exit
exit

Child process could not do execvp
My shell>> exit()
exit()

Child process could not do execvp
My shell>> exit
exit

Child process could not do execvp
My shell>> exit
exit

您可以在上面的输出中看到，当我在命令提示符下键入 exit 时，程序无法退出。我在上面的程序中犯了什么错误？

Answer 1

strcmp(line, "exit\n")==0

如果不包含换行符 (\n) 会怎样？

Answer 2

您可能将删除新行与处理 CTRL-D 混为一谈。您的代码

if (!fgets(line, BUFFER_LEN, stdin)) {  //get command and put it in line
                    size_t length = strlen(line);
                    if (line[length - 1] == '\n')
                    line[length - 1] = '[=10=]';
                    break;  //if user hits CTRL+D break
}

仅在 fgets 失败时才删除新行，例如已到达文件末尾。此外，如果 length==0.

，line[length-1] 将产生未定义的行为

我会替换逻辑：

if (!fgets(line, BUFFER_LEN, stdin)) {  //get command and put it in line
   break;  //if user hits CTRL+D break
} else {
   line[strcspn(line, "\n")] = '[=11=]';
}

在 C 中写一个 shell 我的程序无法退出（）

writing a shell in C my program is not able to exit()

c

linux

bash

shell

cygwin