SQL 不存在包括空值

Question

我有两个 SQL 服务器 table :

Table 1

Id name   description     version
----------------------------------
1  Book1  Book 1 Title    v1
2  Book2  Book 2 Title    v2
3  Book3  Book 3 Title    NULL
4  Book5  Book 5 Title    v3

Table 2

Id name   description     version
----------------------------------
1  Book1  Book 1 Title    v1
2  Book2  Book 2 Title    v2
3  Book3  Book 3 Title    NULL
4  Book4  Book 4 Title    NULL
5  Book5  Book 5 Title    NULL

我想 select table 2 中 table 1 中不存在的所有数据，这样我就可以将它们插入另一个 table.

这是 SQL 查询：

SELECT t2.name, t2.description, t2.version
FROM Table2 AS t2
WHERE  
    NOT EXISTS (SELECT t1.name, t1.description, t1.version 
                FROM Table1 as t1 
                WHERE t2.name = t1.name 
                  AND t2.description = t1.description  
                  AND t2.version = t1.version)

预期的结果是这样的：

Id name   description     version
-----------------------------------
4  Book4  Book 4 Title    NULL
5  Book5  Book 5 Title    NULL

但我得到的是这个：

Id name   description     version
---------------------------------
3  Book3  Book 3 Title    NULL
4  Book4  Book 4 Title    NULL

为什么在我的 NOT EXIST 语句中不评估空值并显示空值？

Answer 1

NULL 值与任何东西进行比较时都会 return FALSE。您将需要使用 IS NULL 来处理

select t2.name, t2.description, t2.version
from   Table2 as t2
WHERE  NOT EXISTS 
       ( 
            SELECT *
            FROM   Table1 as t1 
            WHERE  t2.name        = t1.name 
            AND    t2.description = t1.description 
            AND    (
                       t2.version     = t1.version
                   OR  (t2.version IS NULL AND t1.version IS NULL)
                   )
       )

Answer 2

你可以使用 EXCEPT 来解决这个问题。您可以使用两个表中的公共字段，然后 select 来自该结果的数据。

看下面这段代码：

SELECT name, description, version FROM Table2
EXCEPT
SELECT name, description, version FROM Table1

此代码为您提供表 2 中存在而表 1 中不存在的数据。

Answer 3

优化查询：

SELECT t2.name, t2.description, t2.version 
FROM Table2 AS t2
LEFT JOIN Table1 AS t1 
ON t2.name = t1.name 
 AND t2.description = t1.description  
 AND (t2.version     = t1.version
     OR  (t2.version IS NULL AND t1.version IS NULL))
WHERE t1.ID is NULL

Answer 4

您可以简单地使用 ISNULL() 函数：

SELECT t2.name, t2.description, t2.version
FROM Table2 AS t2
WHERE  
    NOT EXISTS (SELECT t1.name, t1.description, t1.version 
                FROM Table1 as t1 
                WHERE t2.name = t1.name 
                  AND t2.description = t1.description  
                  AND ISNULL(t2.version,0) = ISNULL(t1.version,0)

SQL 不存在包括空值

SQL Not Exists include null value

sql-server

sql-server-2014