如何在我的视图模型中获取鼠标位置
How do I get mouse positions in my view model
从 MVVM 设计模式来看,视图模型不应该知道视图。但就我而言,我需要视图和模型,我的意思是:
在我的 window 中,我有一个图像组件。我想在鼠标移到 Image 组件上时获取鼠标位置并将其保存到我的模型中。
后面的代码应该是:
void Foo_MouseMove(objet sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
model.x = e.getPosition(this.imageBox).X;
model.y = e.getPosition(this.imageBox).Y;
}
问题是:我需要 this.imageBox 和 MouseEventArgs,所以有两个视图元素。
我的问题是:如何使用 MVVM 方法处理这种情况?
我使用 MVVM 轻型框架
我会在这里使用附加行为。这将允许您持续监视鼠标位置,而不是简单地响应 MouseDown 等事件。您需要添加对 System.Windows.Interactivity
程序集的引用。
下面的代码提供了一个简单的实际操作示例。
XAML
<Window x:Class="MouseMoveMvvm.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:i="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/2010/interactivity"
xmlns:mouseMoveMvvm="clr-namespace:MouseMoveMvvm"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
<DockPanel>
<StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Top" Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding PanelX, StringFormat='X={0}'}" />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding PanelY, StringFormat='y={0}'}" />
</StackPanel>
<Canvas DockPanel.Dock="Bottom" Background="Aqua">
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<mouseMoveMvvm:MouseBehaviour MouseX="{Binding PanelX, Mode=OneWayToSource}" MouseY="{Binding PanelY, Mode=OneWayToSource}" />
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
</Canvas>
</DockPanel>
</Grid>
</Window>
请注意,在上面的 XAML 中,MouseBehaviour 通过 OneWayToSource 绑定将鼠标位置向下推送到 ViewModel,而两个 TextBlock 则从 ViewModel 读取鼠标位置。
视图模型
public class MainWindowViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private double _panelX;
private double _panelY;
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public double PanelX
{
get { return _panelX; }
set
{
if (value.Equals(_panelX)) return;
_panelX = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
public double PanelY
{
get { return _panelY; }
set
{
if (value.Equals(_panelY)) return;
_panelY = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
[NotifyPropertyChangedInvocator]
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
var handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
附加行为
public class MouseBehaviour : System.Windows.Interactivity.Behavior<FrameworkElement>
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseYProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
"MouseY", typeof (double), typeof (MouseBehaviour), new PropertyMetadata(default(double)));
public double MouseY
{
get { return (double) GetValue(MouseYProperty); }
set { SetValue(MouseYProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseXProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
"MouseX", typeof(double), typeof(MouseBehaviour), new PropertyMetadata(default(double)));
public double MouseX
{
get { return (double) GetValue(MouseXProperty); }
set { SetValue(MouseXProperty, value); }
}
protected override void OnAttached()
{
AssociatedObject.MouseMove += AssociatedObjectOnMouseMove;
}
private void AssociatedObjectOnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs mouseEventArgs)
{
var pos = mouseEventArgs.GetPosition(AssociatedObject);
MouseX = pos.X;
MouseY = pos.Y;
}
protected override void OnDetaching()
{
AssociatedObject.MouseMove -= AssociatedObjectOnMouseMove;
}
}
最终使用 EventConverter 找到了答案:
public class MouseButtonEventArgsToPointConverter : IEventArgsConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, object parameter)
{
var args = (MouseEventArgs)value;
var element = (FrameworkElement)parameter;
var point = args.GetPosition(element);
return point;
}
}
这个转换器允许我处理点而不是图形组件。
这里是 XML:
<i:Interaction.Triggers>
<i:EventTrigger EventName="MouseMove">
<cmd:EventToCommand
Command="{Binding Main.MouseMoveCommand, Mode=OneWay}"
EventArgsConverter="{StaticResource MouseButtonEventArgsToPointConverter}"
EventArgsConverterParameter="{Binding ElementName=Image1}"
PassEventArgsToCommand="True" />
</i:EventTrigger>
</i:Interaction.Triggers>
Mark Greens 的解决方案是最好的(我发现的)。
如果你想让他的解决方案可重用于任何 WPF 控件(我建议),从 System.Windows.Interactivity.Behavior<Control>
继承实际上不适用于 Panel
,因为 Panel
不继承自 Control
。
只有 类 继承自 Control
:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/system.windows.controls.control(v=vs.110).aspx
而是从 System.Windows.Interactivity.Behavior<FrameworkElement>
继承。 FrameworkElement
是所有WPF控件的祖先类:https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/system.windows.frameworkelement(v=vs.110).aspx。
我已经在 Grid
、Panel
和 Image
上进行了测试。
我用它来使弹出窗口与鼠标光标保持同步:
<Image x:Name="Image1">
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<myNamespace:MouseBehaviour
MouseX="{Binding ElementName=Popup1, Path=HorizontalOffset, Mode=OneWayToSource}"
MouseY="{Binding ElementName=Popup1, Path=VerticalOffset, Mode=OneWayToSource}">
</myNamespace:MouseBehaviour>
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
</Image>
<Popup x:Name="Popup1" PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=Image1}"/>
P.S.: 我会评论解决方案,但我的回答太长了。
从 MVVM 设计模式来看,视图模型不应该知道视图。但就我而言,我需要视图和模型,我的意思是:
在我的 window 中,我有一个图像组件。我想在鼠标移到 Image 组件上时获取鼠标位置并将其保存到我的模型中。
后面的代码应该是:
void Foo_MouseMove(objet sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
model.x = e.getPosition(this.imageBox).X;
model.y = e.getPosition(this.imageBox).Y;
}
问题是:我需要 this.imageBox 和 MouseEventArgs,所以有两个视图元素。
我的问题是:如何使用 MVVM 方法处理这种情况?
我使用 MVVM 轻型框架
我会在这里使用附加行为。这将允许您持续监视鼠标位置,而不是简单地响应 MouseDown 等事件。您需要添加对 System.Windows.Interactivity
程序集的引用。
下面的代码提供了一个简单的实际操作示例。
XAML
<Window x:Class="MouseMoveMvvm.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:i="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/2010/interactivity"
xmlns:mouseMoveMvvm="clr-namespace:MouseMoveMvvm"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
<DockPanel>
<StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Top" Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding PanelX, StringFormat='X={0}'}" />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding PanelY, StringFormat='y={0}'}" />
</StackPanel>
<Canvas DockPanel.Dock="Bottom" Background="Aqua">
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<mouseMoveMvvm:MouseBehaviour MouseX="{Binding PanelX, Mode=OneWayToSource}" MouseY="{Binding PanelY, Mode=OneWayToSource}" />
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
</Canvas>
</DockPanel>
</Grid>
</Window>
请注意,在上面的 XAML 中,MouseBehaviour 通过 OneWayToSource 绑定将鼠标位置向下推送到 ViewModel,而两个 TextBlock 则从 ViewModel 读取鼠标位置。
视图模型
public class MainWindowViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private double _panelX;
private double _panelY;
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public double PanelX
{
get { return _panelX; }
set
{
if (value.Equals(_panelX)) return;
_panelX = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
public double PanelY
{
get { return _panelY; }
set
{
if (value.Equals(_panelY)) return;
_panelY = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
[NotifyPropertyChangedInvocator]
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
var handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
附加行为
public class MouseBehaviour : System.Windows.Interactivity.Behavior<FrameworkElement>
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseYProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
"MouseY", typeof (double), typeof (MouseBehaviour), new PropertyMetadata(default(double)));
public double MouseY
{
get { return (double) GetValue(MouseYProperty); }
set { SetValue(MouseYProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseXProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
"MouseX", typeof(double), typeof(MouseBehaviour), new PropertyMetadata(default(double)));
public double MouseX
{
get { return (double) GetValue(MouseXProperty); }
set { SetValue(MouseXProperty, value); }
}
protected override void OnAttached()
{
AssociatedObject.MouseMove += AssociatedObjectOnMouseMove;
}
private void AssociatedObjectOnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs mouseEventArgs)
{
var pos = mouseEventArgs.GetPosition(AssociatedObject);
MouseX = pos.X;
MouseY = pos.Y;
}
protected override void OnDetaching()
{
AssociatedObject.MouseMove -= AssociatedObjectOnMouseMove;
}
}
最终使用 EventConverter 找到了答案:
public class MouseButtonEventArgsToPointConverter : IEventArgsConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, object parameter)
{
var args = (MouseEventArgs)value;
var element = (FrameworkElement)parameter;
var point = args.GetPosition(element);
return point;
}
}
这个转换器允许我处理点而不是图形组件。
这里是 XML:
<i:Interaction.Triggers>
<i:EventTrigger EventName="MouseMove">
<cmd:EventToCommand
Command="{Binding Main.MouseMoveCommand, Mode=OneWay}"
EventArgsConverter="{StaticResource MouseButtonEventArgsToPointConverter}"
EventArgsConverterParameter="{Binding ElementName=Image1}"
PassEventArgsToCommand="True" />
</i:EventTrigger>
</i:Interaction.Triggers>
Mark Greens 的解决方案是最好的(我发现的)。
如果你想让他的解决方案可重用于任何 WPF 控件(我建议),从 System.Windows.Interactivity.Behavior<Control>
继承实际上不适用于 Panel
,因为 Panel
不继承自 Control
。
只有 类 继承自 Control
:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/system.windows.controls.control(v=vs.110).aspx
而是从 System.Windows.Interactivity.Behavior<FrameworkElement>
继承。 FrameworkElement
是所有WPF控件的祖先类:https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/system.windows.frameworkelement(v=vs.110).aspx。
我已经在 Grid
、Panel
和 Image
上进行了测试。
我用它来使弹出窗口与鼠标光标保持同步:
<Image x:Name="Image1">
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<myNamespace:MouseBehaviour
MouseX="{Binding ElementName=Popup1, Path=HorizontalOffset, Mode=OneWayToSource}"
MouseY="{Binding ElementName=Popup1, Path=VerticalOffset, Mode=OneWayToSource}">
</myNamespace:MouseBehaviour>
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
</Image>
<Popup x:Name="Popup1" PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=Image1}"/>
P.S.: 我会评论解决方案,但我的回答太长了。