升级到 macOS Mojave gem 后更新失败

Question

Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing libxml-ruby:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/libxml-ruby-3.1.0/ext/libxml
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20180926-80978-eoqfjh.rb extconf.rb
checking for libxml/xmlversion.h in /opt/include/libxml2,/opt/local/include/libxml2,/usr/local/include/libxml2,/usr/include/libxml2... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
    --with-xml2-config
    --without-xml2-config
    --with-xml2-dir
    --without-xml2-dir
    --with-xml2-include
    --without-xml2-include=${xml2-dir}/include
    --with-xml2-lib
    --without-xml2-lib=${xml2-dir}/lib
 extconf failure: need libxml2.

    Install the library or try one of the following options to extconf.rb:

      --with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config
      --with-xml2-dir=/path/to/libxml2
      --with-xml2-lib=/path/to/libxml2/lib
      --with-xml2-include=/path/to/libxml2/include


To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-18/2.3.0/libxml-ruby-3.1.0/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/libxml-ruby-3.1.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-18/2.3.0/libxml-ruby-3.1.0/gem_make.out
Updating nokogiri
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions for the /usr/bin directory.

Answer 1

该错误是由于 macOS Mojave 已停止将标准头文件放置在 /usr/include 中，仅将它们保留在 XCode 目录中。

您可以通过运行ning ls /usr/include 验证这一点，很可能该目录不再存在。相反，运行宁xcode-select --install惯用的招数是解决不了问题的。

修复是针对 Apple 提供的运行遗留安装程序，它将头文件安装到 /usr/include

sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /

Answer 2

如果您使用的是自制软件，推荐的方法是告诉 pkg-config 在哪里可以找到 libxml2 库：

brew reinstall libxml2
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/libxml2/lib/pkgconfig"

Answer 3

此外，您的捆绑包配置可能已过时，这会妨碍您。运行 bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries 它会给你一个警告并显示你当前的配置。我遵循所有指南并重新安装了所有 gem，甚至 ruby 几次才发现配置设置为使用不再存在的路径。

升级到 macOS Mojave gem 后更新失败

After upgrading to macOS Mojave gem update is failing

macos

rubygems