ERROR: Error installing sass: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

Question

我正在尝试安装 sass。我确实设法通过 npm 安装它（1.14.1 用 dart2js 2.0.0 编译），但是我需要用 Ruby (Ruby Sass 3.5.6.) 安装它。现在，这是我运行 "sudo gem install sass"

时的错误

Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing sass:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/ffi-1.9.25/ext/ffi_c
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20181004-3909-1iytz3s.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--with-ffi_c-dir
--without-ffi_c-dir
--with-ffi_c-include
--without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
--with-ffi_c-lib
--without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/lib
--with-libffi-config
--without-libffi-config
--with-pkg-config
--without-pkg-config 

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:456:in 'try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:571:in `block in try_compile'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:524:in `with_werror'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:571:in `try_compile'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:1091:in `block in have_header'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:942:in `block in checking_for'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:320:in `open'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:350:in `block in postpone'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:320:in `open'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:346:in `postpone'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:941:in `checking_for'
from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/
2.3.0/mkmf.rb:1090:in `have_header'
from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

 /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-18/2.3.0/ffi-1.9.25/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/ffi-1.9.25 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-18/2.3.0/ffi-1.9.25/gem_make.out

我尝试更新 Ruby，删除通过 npm 安装的 sass，按照某些建议更新 xcode 开发工具。但没有任何效果。我不知道是什么原因，因为在从 0.

更新到新的 Mac OS Mojave 之前我有 sass

这是 mkmf.log 文件：

package configuration for libffi is not found
"xcrun clang -o conftest - 
I/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework
/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/universal-darwin18 - 
I/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/
include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward - 
I/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/
ruby-2.3.0 -I. -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE - 
D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT    -g -Os -pipe - 
DHAVE_GCC_ATOMIC_BUILTINS conftest.c  -L. - 
L/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib -L.     
-lruby.2.3.0  -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
In file included from conftest.c:1:
In file included from 
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/
ruby-2.3.0/ruby.h:33:
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/
ruby-2.3.0/ruby/ruby.h:24:10: fatal error: 'ruby/config.h' file not found
#include "ruby/config.h"
     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2: 
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5:   return 0;
6: }
/* end */

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

好的，所以找到了解决方案。如果你有这个错误。这样做：

安装 rvm (https://rvm.io/)
然后我不得不运行这个命令来让 rvm 工作：

if sudo grep -q secure_path /etc/sudoers;然后 sudo sh -c "echo export rvmsudo_secure_path=1 >> /etc/profile.d/rvm_secure_path.sh" && echo 安装环境变量； fi

接下来我删除了 rvm ruby:

rvm 删除 ruby

最后安装 ruby:

rvm 安装ruby

不确定是否需要这一步，但这是我在控制台中看到的：Ruby 构建时没有文档，要构建它运行：rvm docs generate -ri

所以我也运行这个命令。在那之后我终于能够 sudo gem install sass.

现在可以使用了！

Answer 2

执行 mac 中的以下步骤以无错误安装 SASS

安装 gpg brew install -v gpg
安装 gpg 密钥 gpg2 --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
允许 curl 到运行而不检查 SSL（否则命令 #4 将抛出错误） echo 不安全 >> ~/.curlrc
安装rvm \curl -sSL -k https://get.rvm.io | bash
要使用 rvm，您将在 #3 中的运行ning 命令后得到如下输出：要开始使用 RVM，您需要运行 source /Users/ymehta/.rvm/scripts/rvm 复制粘贴命令并按 Enter
删除现有的 ruby 版本 rvm 删除 ruby
安装ruby rvm 安装 ruby
rvm 文档生成-ri
安装sass 须藤宝石安装 sass
检查sass版本 sass --版本

可以在 https://gist.github.com/Yashvi-Mehta/9ad81330d1703f12a00b63cf20c9cdb3

找到相同的步骤

ERROR: Error installing sass: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

ERROR: Error installing sass: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

ruby

rubygems

sass

package