将 Django REST Framework API 用于具有复合键的数据模型

Question

当数据模型具有由两个字段组成的复合键时，如何使用 Django Rest Framework 创建 API？背景：我正在尝试为数据模型制作 REST api（下面的示例数据行 - 前两个条目构成复合键）。我可以使用日期字段调用我的数据，但是当我尝试将第二个字符串字段用于 return 单个记录时出现错误。

'2015-05-06','INTC','31.93','32.79','32.50','32.22','31737537'

我正在尝试使 api url 结构像这样：

localhost/api/v1/yyyy-mm-dd/'char'

localhost/api/v1/2015-05-07/AAPL

serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Stocksusa, Optionsusa
from rest_framework.reverse import reverse

class StocksUsaSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
url = serializers.SerializerMethodField('get_stock_usa_url')

def get_stock_usa_url(self, obj):
    values = [obj.Trade_Date, obj.Ticker]
    composite_key_url = "http://0.0.0.0:9978/api/v1/stocksusa/{}/{}".format(*values)
    return composite_key_url

class Meta:
    model = Stocksusa
    fields = ('Trade_Date', 'Ticker', 'PxMin', 'PxMax', 'PxOpen', 'PxClose', 'Volume', 'url')

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework import authentication, permissions, viewsets, filters
from .models import Stocksusa
from .serializers import StocksUsaSerializer
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model


User = get_user_model()


class DefaultsMixin(object):
     authentication_classes = (
         authentication.BasicAuthentication,
         authentication.TokenAuthentication,
    )
     permission_classes = (
         permissions.IsAuthenticated,
    )
     paginate_by = 25
     paginate_by_param = 'page_size'
     max_paginate_by = 100
     filter_backends = (
         filters.DjangoFilterBackend,
         filters.SearchFilter,
         filters.OrderingFilter,
    )


class StocksUsaViewSet(DefaultsMixin, viewsets.ReadOnlyModelViewSet):
     queryset = Stocksusa.objects.all()
     serializer_class = StocksUsaSerializer

app/urls.py

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from . import views

router = DefaultRouter(trailing_slash=False)
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'stocksusa', views.StocksUsaViewSet)

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token
from FinDataUsa.urls import router
from FinDataUsa.views import StocksUsaViewSet as stockview

urlpatterns = patterns('',
     url(r'^api/token/', obtain_auth_token, name='api-token'),
     url(r'^api/v1/', include(router.urls)),
     url(r'^api/v2/', include(router.urls)),
     url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
     url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')),
     url(r'^docs/', include('rest_framework_swagger.urls')),
)

Answer 1

问题在于 DefaultRouter 使用您的模型的 ID lookup_field 来获取您想要的对象：例如这个有效：

GET   localhost/api/v1/stocksusa/1

为了提供额外的参数，您需要像这样手工制作 url：

 url(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d{1,2})-(?P<day>\d{1,2})/(?P<code>\w+)$',
    StocksUsaViewSet.as_view(),
    name='stocks_detail'
),

年月日 代码参数通过kwargs字典传入你的视图：

self.kwargs['year']
self.kwargs['month']
self.kwargs['day']
self.kwargs['code']

在您的 get_object 方法中，您需要做类似的事情：

def get_object(self, queryset=None):
    try:
        date= datetime.date(
            year=int(self.kwargs['year']),
            month=int(self.kwargs['month']),
            day=int(self.kwargs['day']),
        )
    except ValueError:
        raise Http404
    stock= get_object_or_404(Stocksusa, Ticker=self.kwargs['code'], Trade_Date=date)
    return stock

然后您将可以访问您的对象：

将 Django REST Framework API 用于具有复合键的数据模型

Using Django REST Framework API for data model with composite key

python

django

rest

django-rest-framework