"cannot generate code for file random.ads" 当 运行 一个 .adb 程序时
"cannot generate code for file random.ads" when running a .adb program
我在使用 Ada 编写程序时遇到了一些问题 运行。我有以下三个项目文件（我使用 GPS）：
Types.ads
package types is
subtype T_valeurind is Integer range 2..14;
type T_couleur is (s, h, c, d);
type t_carte is record
valeur : T_valeurind;
couleur : T_couleur;
end record;
type T_jeu is array (1..7) of t_carte;
function trans(val: Character) return T_valeurind;
end types;
Trans.adb
with types;
use types;
WITH Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
USE Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
function trans(val : Character)
return T_valeurind is
ret: Integer;
begin
case val is
when '3' => ret:=3;
when '4' => ret:=4;
when '5' => ret:=5;
when '6' => ret:=6;
when '7' => ret:=7;
when '8' => ret:=8;
when '9' => ret:=9;
when 'T' => ret:=10;
when 'J' => ret:=11;
when 'Q' => ret:=12;
when 'K' => ret:=13;
when 'A' => ret:=14;
when others => null;
end case;
return ret;
end trans;
Test.adb
WITH Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
USE Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
with types;
use types;
procedure test is
begin
put(T_valeurind'Image(trans('c')));
end test;
我只是想执行 test.adb 来检查我的函数“trans”是否正常工作。当我在 GPS 中构建文件时，一切正常。但是当我想 运行 它们时，我收到以下消息，并且没有执行：
cannot generate code for file types.ads (package spec)
gprbuild: *** compilation phase failed
[2018-12-02 02:01:39] process exited with status 4, 100% (2/2), elapsed time: 01.65s
但令人不安的是，我第一次尝试 运行ning 代码时，它成功了。没有改变任何东西，它停止工作。
我不知道该怎么办。我看到这条消息只是告诉我 .ads 文件不可编译，但我尝试编译的 运行 是一个 .adb 文件，所以我不明白..
你知道为什么它不起作用吗？
提前谢谢大家！
您似乎忘记将 function Trans 包含在测试程序的上下文中。如果它不在上下文中，则不能使用它。
尝试添加：
with Trans;
至procedure Test的上下文子句。
首先，这些不是项目文件，类型为 .gpr；它们是您项目中的 Ada 源文件。
您的 types.ads 承诺 function trans，这意味着它需要 types.adb、
中的包体
package body types is
function trans(val : Character)
return T_valeurind is
ret: Integer;
begin
case val is
when '3' => ret:=3;
when '4' => ret:=4;
when '5' => ret:=5;
when '6' => ret:=6;
when '7' => ret:=7;
when '8' => ret:=8;
when '9' => ret:=9;
when 'T' => ret:=10;
when 'J' => ret:=11;
when 'Q' => ret:=12;
when 'K' => ret:=13;
when 'A' => ret:=14;
when others => null;
end case;
return ret;
end trans;
end types;
(嗯。如果你传入一个无效的字符，你将 return 未初始化的数据，就像没有得到一个 Constraint_Error; T_valeurind 包括值 2，你不应该掩盖它吗？）
您的 trans.adb 指定了库级函数。
When I build the files in GPS, everything works just fine. But when I want to run them, I have the following message, and no execution :
如果包规范 (types.ads) 需要主体 (types.adb) 而您没有提供，编译器将在您尝试编译时生成您报告的消息。如果您尝试 compile test.adb 就可以了。如果您尝试 build test.adb 它会尝试编译包 Types 并且会失败，无论您是尝试构建还是构建 & 运行.
我不知道这是第一次如何工作！
首先可以使用强大的 Ada 枚举功能（以及一些错误的输入处理策略，如异常）避免您的整个问题。您的 trans 程序将毫无用处。
如果您对枚举值的顺序关系感兴趣，您还可以使用 Ada 的 'First*（第一个枚举文字），'Last（最后一个枚举文字），'Pos（枚举内的位置），'Succ（下一个枚举文字），'Pred（前一个枚举文字）。
如果你为你的变量执行内存映射，你可以使用'Valid来检查变量是否有一个有效的值并且省去异常捕获的需要来约束错误。
参见下面的示例：
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Exceptions; use Ada.Exceptions;
procedure Hello is
-- miwing chars and literal values in enum
-- note that jack is 'J' and not the single source code character J
type My_Awesome_Enum is ('1', '2', '3', 'J', Q, K, Ace);
for My_Awesome_Enum use
('1' => -1,
'2' => 2,
'3' => 3,
-- ...
'J' => 11,
Q => 12,
K => 13,
Ace => 14);
temp : Integer;
prev : My_Awesome_Enum;
succ : My_Awesome_Enum;
temp2 : My_Awesome_Enum;
begin
-- ------------------------------------------
-- Ada enum power
declare
begin
for value in My_Awesome_Enum loop
temp := My_Awesome_Enum'Enum_Rep(value);
Put_Line("Enum litteral value: " & value'Image & " - memory representation: " & Integer'Image(temp));
if value /= My_Awesome_Enum'First then
prev := My_Awesome_Enum'Pred(value);
Put_Line("Previous: " & prev'Image);
else
Put_Line("No previous");
end if;
if value /= My_Awesome_Enum'Last then
succ := My_Awesome_Enum'Succ(value);
Put_Line("Next: " & succ'Image);
else
Put_Line("No next");
end if;
Put_Line("");
end loop;
end;
-- ------------------------------------------
-- conversion from some input source
Put_Line("");
declare
strInput : String := "Unknown user value";
begin
Put_Line("Handling of user input: " & strInput);
temp2 := My_Awesome_Enum'Value (strInput);
exception
when E: others =>
Put_Line("Exception catched: " & Exception_Information (E));
Put_Line("Setting value to Ace instead");
temp2 := Ace;
end;
Put_Line("tmp2 value: " & temp2'Image & " - memory representation: " & Integer'Image(My_Awesome_Enum'Enum_Rep(temp2)));
-- ------------------------------------------
-- mmemory mapping
Put_Line("");
declare
my_int : Integer := -3;
mapped_Enum : My_Awesome_Enum;
for mapped_Enum'Address use my_int'Address;
last_enum : My_Awesome_Enum := (My_Awesome_Enum'Last);
stop_condition : Integer := (last_enum'Enum_Rep) + 2;
begin
while (my_int < stop_condition) loop
if mapped_Enum'Valid then
Put_Line("Enum with value: " & my_int'Image & " is valid.");
else
Put_Line("Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: " & my_int'Image);
end if;
my_int := my_int + 1;
end loop;
end;
end Hello;
这会给出以下输出（https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_ada_online.php，使用 GNATMAKE v7.1.1）：
建造：
$gnatmake -o hello *.adb
gcc -c hello.adb
gnatbind -x hello.ali
gnatlink hello.ali -o hello
执行：
Enum litteral value: '1' - memory representation: -1
No previous
Next: '2'
Enum litteral value: '2' - memory representation: 2
Previous: '1'
Next: '3'
Enum litteral value: '3' - memory representation: 3
Previous: '2'
Next: 'J'
Enum litteral value: 'J' - memory representation: 11
Previous: '3'
Next: Q
Enum litteral value: Q - memory representation: 12
Previous: J
Next: K
Enum litteral value: K - memory representation: 13
Previous: Q
Next: ACE
Enum litteral value: ACE - memory representation: 14
Previous: K
No next
Handling of user input: Unknown user value
Exception catched: raised CONSTRAINT_ERROR : bad input for 'Value: "Unknown user value"
Setting value to Ace instead
tmp2 value: ACE - memory representation: 14
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: -3
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: -2
Enum with value: -1 is valid.
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 0
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 1
Enum with value: 2 is valid.
Enum with value: 3 is valid.
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 4
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 5
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 6
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 7
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 8
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 9
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 10
Enum with value: 11 is valid.
Enum with value: 12 is valid.
Enum with value: 13 is valid.
Enum with value: 14 is valid.
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 15
我在使用 Ada 编写程序时遇到了一些问题 运行。我有以下三个项目文件（我使用 GPS）：
Types.ads
package types is
subtype T_valeurind is Integer range 2..14;
type T_couleur is (s, h, c, d);
type t_carte is record
valeur : T_valeurind;
couleur : T_couleur;
end record;
type T_jeu is array (1..7) of t_carte;
function trans(val: Character) return T_valeurind;
end types;
Trans.adb
with types;
use types;
WITH Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
USE Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
function trans(val : Character)
return T_valeurind is
ret: Integer;
begin
case val is
when '3' => ret:=3;
when '4' => ret:=4;
when '5' => ret:=5;
when '6' => ret:=6;
when '7' => ret:=7;
when '8' => ret:=8;
when '9' => ret:=9;
when 'T' => ret:=10;
when 'J' => ret:=11;
when 'Q' => ret:=12;
when 'K' => ret:=13;
when 'A' => ret:=14;
when others => null;
end case;
return ret;
end trans;
Test.adb
WITH Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
USE Text_Io , Ada.Integer_Text_Io;
with types;
use types;
procedure test is
begin
put(T_valeurind'Image(trans('c')));
end test;
我只是想执行 test.adb 来检查我的函数“trans”是否正常工作。当我在 GPS 中构建文件时，一切正常。但是当我想 运行 它们时，我收到以下消息，并且没有执行：
cannot generate code for file types.ads (package spec)
gprbuild: *** compilation phase failed
[2018-12-02 02:01:39] process exited with status 4, 100% (2/2), elapsed time: 01.65s
但令人不安的是，我第一次尝试 运行ning 代码时，它成功了。没有改变任何东西，它停止工作。 我不知道该怎么办。我看到这条消息只是告诉我 .ads 文件不可编译，但我尝试编译的 运行 是一个 .adb 文件，所以我不明白.. 你知道为什么它不起作用吗？
提前谢谢大家！
您似乎忘记将 function Trans 包含在测试程序的上下文中。如果它不在上下文中，则不能使用它。
尝试添加：
with Trans;
至procedure Test的上下文子句。
首先，这些不是项目文件，类型为 .gpr；它们是您项目中的 Ada 源文件。
您的 types.ads 承诺 function trans，这意味着它需要 types.adb、
package body types is
function trans(val : Character)
return T_valeurind is
ret: Integer;
begin
case val is
when '3' => ret:=3;
when '4' => ret:=4;
when '5' => ret:=5;
when '6' => ret:=6;
when '7' => ret:=7;
when '8' => ret:=8;
when '9' => ret:=9;
when 'T' => ret:=10;
when 'J' => ret:=11;
when 'Q' => ret:=12;
when 'K' => ret:=13;
when 'A' => ret:=14;
when others => null;
end case;
return ret;
end trans;
end types;
(嗯。如果你传入一个无效的字符，你将 return 未初始化的数据，就像没有得到一个 Constraint_Error; T_valeurind 包括值 2，你不应该掩盖它吗？）
您的 trans.adb 指定了库级函数。
When I build the files in GPS, everything works just fine. But when I want to run them, I have the following message, and no execution :
如果包规范 (types.ads) 需要主体 (types.adb) 而您没有提供，编译器将在您尝试编译时生成您报告的消息。如果您尝试 compile test.adb 就可以了。如果您尝试 build test.adb 它会尝试编译包 Types 并且会失败，无论您是尝试构建还是构建 & 运行.
我不知道这是第一次如何工作！
首先可以使用强大的 Ada 枚举功能（以及一些错误的输入处理策略，如异常）避免您的整个问题。您的 trans 程序将毫无用处。
如果您对枚举值的顺序关系感兴趣，您还可以使用 Ada 的 'First*（第一个枚举文字），'Last（最后一个枚举文字），'Pos（枚举内的位置），'Succ（下一个枚举文字），'Pred（前一个枚举文字）。
如果你为你的变量执行内存映射，你可以使用'Valid来检查变量是否有一个有效的值并且省去异常捕获的需要来约束错误。
参见下面的示例：
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Exceptions; use Ada.Exceptions;
procedure Hello is
-- miwing chars and literal values in enum
-- note that jack is 'J' and not the single source code character J
type My_Awesome_Enum is ('1', '2', '3', 'J', Q, K, Ace);
for My_Awesome_Enum use
('1' => -1,
'2' => 2,
'3' => 3,
-- ...
'J' => 11,
Q => 12,
K => 13,
Ace => 14);
temp : Integer;
prev : My_Awesome_Enum;
succ : My_Awesome_Enum;
temp2 : My_Awesome_Enum;
begin
-- ------------------------------------------
-- Ada enum power
declare
begin
for value in My_Awesome_Enum loop
temp := My_Awesome_Enum'Enum_Rep(value);
Put_Line("Enum litteral value: " & value'Image & " - memory representation: " & Integer'Image(temp));
if value /= My_Awesome_Enum'First then
prev := My_Awesome_Enum'Pred(value);
Put_Line("Previous: " & prev'Image);
else
Put_Line("No previous");
end if;
if value /= My_Awesome_Enum'Last then
succ := My_Awesome_Enum'Succ(value);
Put_Line("Next: " & succ'Image);
else
Put_Line("No next");
end if;
Put_Line("");
end loop;
end;
-- ------------------------------------------
-- conversion from some input source
Put_Line("");
declare
strInput : String := "Unknown user value";
begin
Put_Line("Handling of user input: " & strInput);
temp2 := My_Awesome_Enum'Value (strInput);
exception
when E: others =>
Put_Line("Exception catched: " & Exception_Information (E));
Put_Line("Setting value to Ace instead");
temp2 := Ace;
end;
Put_Line("tmp2 value: " & temp2'Image & " - memory representation: " & Integer'Image(My_Awesome_Enum'Enum_Rep(temp2)));
-- ------------------------------------------
-- mmemory mapping
Put_Line("");
declare
my_int : Integer := -3;
mapped_Enum : My_Awesome_Enum;
for mapped_Enum'Address use my_int'Address;
last_enum : My_Awesome_Enum := (My_Awesome_Enum'Last);
stop_condition : Integer := (last_enum'Enum_Rep) + 2;
begin
while (my_int < stop_condition) loop
if mapped_Enum'Valid then
Put_Line("Enum with value: " & my_int'Image & " is valid.");
else
Put_Line("Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: " & my_int'Image);
end if;
my_int := my_int + 1;
end loop;
end;
end Hello;
这会给出以下输出（https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_ada_online.php，使用 GNATMAKE v7.1.1）：
建造：
$gnatmake -o hello *.adb
gcc -c hello.adb
gnatbind -x hello.ali
gnatlink hello.ali -o hello
执行：
Enum litteral value: '1' - memory representation: -1
No previous
Next: '2'
Enum litteral value: '2' - memory representation: 2
Previous: '1'
Next: '3'
Enum litteral value: '3' - memory representation: 3
Previous: '2'
Next: 'J'
Enum litteral value: 'J' - memory representation: 11
Previous: '3'
Next: Q
Enum litteral value: Q - memory representation: 12
Previous: J
Next: K
Enum litteral value: K - memory representation: 13
Previous: Q
Next: ACE
Enum litteral value: ACE - memory representation: 14
Previous: K
No next
Handling of user input: Unknown user value
Exception catched: raised CONSTRAINT_ERROR : bad input for 'Value: "Unknown user value"
Setting value to Ace instead
tmp2 value: ACE - memory representation: 14
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: -3
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: -2
Enum with value: -1 is valid.
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 0
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 1
Enum with value: 2 is valid.
Enum with value: 3 is valid.
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 4
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 5
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 6
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 7
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 8
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 9
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 10
Enum with value: 11 is valid.
Enum with value: 12 is valid.
Enum with value: 13 is valid.
Enum with value: 14 is valid.
Memory mapping would result in invalid enum for value: 15