Android: 获取任意文件的文件名和扩展名

Android: Get file name and extension of any file

我遇到的问题是,我无法从使用 Android 9 的智能手机上选择的文件中提取文件扩展。使用 Android 8 或更少。

当用户选择任何类型的文件时,将调用 onActivityResult。在此方法中,我从 FileUtils class 调用 getPath,因此我可以提取文件扩展名。

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    Uri uri = new Uri.Builder().build();
    if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case PICKFILE_REQUEST_CODE: {
                String path = new File(data.getData().getPath()).getAbsolutePath();

                if (path != null) {
                    uri = data.getData();
                    path = FileUtils.getPath(getApplicationContext().getContentResolver(), uri);
                    name = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("."));
                    extension = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }

getPath() 来自 FileUtils class (from this repo) 通过 URI 评估文件是哪种文件,但对这种情况负责以下部分:

public static String getPath(final ContentResolver cr, final Uri uri) {
    if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
        final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);

        final List<Uri> uris = new ArrayList<>();
        uris.add(ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                 Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id)));
        uris.add(ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                 Uri.parse("content://downloads/my_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id)));
        uris.add(ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                 Uri.parse("content://downloads/all_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id)));

        String res;
        for (int i = 0; i < uris.size(); i++) {
            res = getDataColumn(cr, uris.get(i), null, null);
            if (res != null) return res;
        }
    }
}

getDataColumn()查询保存文件物理路径的文件的列:

public static String getDataColumn(ContentResolver cr,
                                   Uri uri, String selection,
                                   String[] selectionArgs) {
    Cursor cursor = null;
    final String[] projection = {"_data"};
    String col = "";

    try {
        cursor = cr.query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,null);
        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("_data");
            col = cursor.getString(column_index);
        }
    }finally{ if (cursor != null) cursor.close();}
    return col;
}

当我测试它时,我得到的路径类似于:E/AddItemActivity: result, path: /storage/emulated/0/Download/SampleVideo_176x144_1mb.3gp。 但是 Android 9 路径总是空的。

对于我使用 MediaStore 提取所选文件的名称和扩展名的解决方案。因此,我将 onActivityResult 中的代码替换为以下代码:

String path = new File(data.getData().getPath()).getAbsolutePath();

if(path != null){
  uri = data.getData();

  String filename;
  Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null,null,null);
  
  if(cursor == null) filename=uri.getPath();
  else{
    cursor.moveToFirst();
    int idx = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
    filename = cursor.getString(idx);
    cursor.close();
  }

  String name = filename.substring(0,filename.lastIndexOf("."));
  String extension = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".")+1);
}

因此 MediaStore.File.FileColumns.DISPLAY_NAME 可以从使用文件选择器选择的任何文件中获取文件名和扩展名。

fun Uri.getFileNameWithExtension(context: Context): String? {
    val name = this.path?.let { path -> File(path).name }.orEmpty()
    val extension = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton()
        .getExtensionFromMimeType(getMimeType(context)).orEmpty()
    
    return if (name.isNotEmpty() && extension.isNotEmpty()) "$name.$extension" else null
}

fun Uri.getMimeType(context: Context): String? {
    return when (scheme) {
        ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT -> context.contentResolver.getType(this)
        ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE -> MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(
            MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(toString()).toLowerCase(Locale.US)
        )
        else -> null
    }
}