在 Fortran 中正确执行 Final 例程

Correct execution of Final routine in Fortran

我有以下 Fortran 代码

  type t_octree
     integer                        :: max_num_point
     class(t_octree_node), pointer  :: root => null()
     contains
     final                         :: DESTROY_OCTREE
  end type t_octree

  type t_octree_node
     real                          :: box(2,3)
     integer                       :: depth
     type(t_octree_node), pointer  :: parent      => null()
     type(t_octree_node), pointer  :: children(:) => null()
     class(t_octree_leaf), pointer :: leaf        => null()
  contains
     final                         :: CLEAN_NODE
  end type t_octree_node
  type, extends(t_octree_node) :: t_octree_leaf
     integer, allocatable          :: id(:)
     integer                       :: num_point
  contains
     final                          :: DESTROY_LEAF
  end type

在我完成处理后,现在需要确保我的东西被正确释放。

在我的“最终例程”中,我有

  subroutine DESTROY_OCTREE( this )

  implicit none

  type(t_octree)               :: this
  type(t_octree_node), pointer :: node => null()
  integer                      :: i


  node => this% root
  if( associated(node% leaf) )deallocate( node% leaf )

  if(.not. associated(node% children) )RETURN
  deallocate(  node )
  node => this% root
  i = 0
  nullify(node)
  print*, associated(this% root) ! this is true!! 
  print*, associated(this% root% children) ! this is true!! 



  end subroutine DESTROY_OCTREE

  recursive subroutine CLEAN_NODE ( this )

  implicit none

  type(t_octree_node)           :: this
  type(t_octree_node), pointer  :: node => null(), next => null()
  integer                       :: i

  if( associated(this% leaf) )then
     deallocate( this% leaf )
     nullify( this% leaf )
  endif
  if(.not. associated(this% children) )RETURN
  do i = 1, 8
     node => this% children(i)
     deallocate( node )
     nullify(node)
    ! debug
    ! print*, i, "rec"
  enddo
   nullify(this% children)
   nullify(this% parent)

  end subroutine CLEAN_NODE

  subroutine DESTROY_LEAF ( leaf )

  implicit none

  type(t_octree_leaf)        :: leaf

  deallocate( leaf% id )

  end subroutine DESTROY_LEAF

在我的主程序中,我执行以下操作

  program TEST_OCTREE
  use MD_OCTREE

  implicit none

  type(t_octree), pointer               :: octree

  octree      => t_octree( max_num_point,  box )
  (...) ! all processing to build the data structure

现在我简单地解除分配

  deallocate( octree )  
  print*, associated(octree% root) ! this give a segmentation fault

问题 有人可以解释为什么我的 print*, associated(this% root) 命令似乎仍然显示 TRUE 而在我的主程序中打印时它看起来已被释放,因为它给我一个分段错误

取消分配指针会导致与同一目标关联的任何其他指针的指针关联状态变为未定义 (F2018 9.7.3.3p2)。这种情况发生在 DESTROY_OCTREE 过程中的 nodethis%root - 两个指针都引用同一个对象(通过指针赋值 node => this% root,对象通过 node 指针 - 这使得 this%root 具有未定义的关联状态。

ASSOCIATED 内部函数的参数不能是具有未定义关联状态的指针 (F2018 16.9.16p3)。代码不符合规范,任何事情都可能发生 - "anything" 相当合理地包含了您看到的结果。

当您通过 node 指针解除分配对象时,没有简单的方法让处理器也可以可靠地更新 this%root 指针的状态 - 它最终指向一些不不再存在。

在显示的源代码片段中还有其他可疑结构,包括在同一指针对象上的 DEALLOCATE 语句之后使用多余的 NULLIFY(成功的解除分配取消关联(使指针无效)),当 DEALLOCATE 可能是适当的(如果没有完整的代码很难说),以及使用结构构造函数作为指针目标。