@Mock jpaRepository 调用真正的保存方法，另一方面@MockBean 调用模拟方法

Question

我以为我理解 @Mock 和 @MockBean 之间的区别，甚至我认为任何被模拟的对象都不会调用真正的方法，尽管当我运行在下面的测试中我可以看到篮子已经被插入在 hsqldb 日志上。所以现在有点疑惑为什么用@Mock的时候插入basket而用@MockBean的时候不插入

INSERT INTO BASKET VALUES(5,'ABCDEFGHIJ','ACTIVE',1,'2019-01-18 12:00:36.066000','2019-01-18 12:00:36.066000')

另一方面，如果我这样做，那么 hsqldb 是干净的。在这两种情况下，测试都是成功的。

@MockBean
private BasketRepository basketRepo;

测试class

@RunWith( SpringRunner.class )
@SpringBootTest( )
@ActiveProfiles( "test" )
public class BasketServiceTests
{

@SpyBean
private BasketService basketService;

@Mock
private BasketRepository basketRepo;

@Autowired
private UserAccountRepository userAccountRepo;

@Test
public void createBasketWithSameOrderRef() throws Exception
{
    UserAccount customer = userAccountRepo.findById( 1 )
            .orElseThrow( () -> new NotFoundException( "Customer not found" ) );

    Basket basket = new Basket();
    basket.setAudit( new Audit() );
    basket.setOrderRef( "ABCDEFGHIJ" );
    basket.setStatus( BasketStatusEnum.ACTIVE );
    basket.setUserAccount( customer );

    when( basketRepo.existsByOrderRef( anyString() ) ).thenReturn( false );
    when( basketRepo.save( isA( Basket.class ) ) ).thenReturn( basket );
    when( basketService.createOrderReference( ) ).thenReturn( "ABCDEFGHIJ" );

    Assert.notNull( basketService.getOrCreateByUserAccountBasket( customer ), "Basket id is null" );

}
}

服务

@Service
public class BasketService 
{
@Autowired
private BasketRepository basketRepo;

public Basket getOrCreateByUserAccountBasket( @NotNull final UserAccount userAccount )
{
    Optional<Basket> optBasket = basketRepo.findByUserAccountAndStatusActive( userAccount );

    if ( optBasket.isPresent() )
    {
        return optBasket.get();
    }

    String orderRef = null;

    do
    {
        orderRef = createOrderReference();
    }
    while( basketRepo.existsByOrderRef( orderRef ) );

    Basket basket = new Basket();
    basket.setAudit( new Audit() );
    basket.setOrderRef( orderRef );
    basket.setStatus( BasketStatusEnum.ACTIVE );
    basket.setUserAccount( userAccount );

    return basketRepo.save( basket );
}

public String createOrderReference()
{
    return RandomStringUtils.random( 10, true, false ).toUpperCase();
}
}

Answer 1

@MockBean 是一个 Spring 注释，应该在集成测试中使用，以便用模拟 bean 替换真实 bean：

Annotation that can be used to add mocks to a Spring ApplicationContext.

Mockitos @Mock 创建该存储库的模拟，但不会将其注入 BasketService。

如果您确实需要使用 Mockitos 模拟版本，则必须在测试中手动执行：

@Mock
private BasketRepository basketRepo;

@Test
public void createBasketWithSameOrderRef() throws Exception
{
   basketService.setBasketRepository(basketRepo);
   ...

如果您需要进一步阅读，我在 Mockito Stubbing 上写了一篇文章。

@Mock jpaRepository 调用真正的保存方法，另一方面@MockBean 调用模拟方法

@Mock jpaRepository calls real save method in other hand @MockBean calls mocked method

java

unit-testing

junit4

mockito

spring-boot