在 Haskell 中将数字转换为分数

converting Num to Fractional in Haskell

基本上我在Haskell中有一些学习元组的练习。

在这一个中,我声明了一个名为 StudentMark 的类型,它需要:

然后我必须创建一个函数,将学生的分数上限限制为 40。

但是我在执行此操作时遇到此错误:

No instance for (Fractional Int) arising from a use of ‘/’

我认为这与我返回的是 double 而不是 Int 有关,但我不知道如何解决这个问题。这是代码:

import Data.Char

type StudentMark = (String, Int)

{- the total mark without cap would be 100, with the cap it would be 40,
  if we divide 100/40 we get 2.5 which is a common factor
-}
capMark :: StudentMark -> StudentMark
capMark (std, mrk) = (std, fromIntegral (mrk / 2.5))

I think it is related with I being returning a double instead of an Int but I cannot figure out how to fix this.

不完全是,在 Haskell 中没有隐式转换。

因为 StudentMark 实际上是 (String, Int) 的别名,这意味着 mrkInt。但是你的师(/) :: Fractional a => a -> a -> a takes as type a Fractional a, and an Int is not a member of the Fractional typeclass. For integral divisions, one can use div :: Integral a => a -> a -> a

因此我们可以这样写:

capMark :: StudentMark -> StudentMark
capMark (std, mrk) = (std, <b>div</b> (mrk * 4) <b>10</b>)

或更短的版本 second :: Arrow a => a b c -> a (d, b) (d, c):

<b>import Control.Arrow(second)</b>

capMark :: StudentMark -> StudentMark
capMark = second ((`div` 10) . (*4))