Swift: 协议 `static var foo: Self` 和枚举
Swift: Protocol `static var foo: Self` and enums
简化示例
看看这个简单的协议
protocol FooOwner {
static var foo: Self { get }
}
我希望枚举符合上述协议,在我看来这应该可行,因为静态语法 SomeTypeConformingToFooOwner.foo
应该导致 SomeTypeConformingToFooOwner
的实例,并且在以下情况下SomeTypeConformingToFooOwner
是一个枚举。
enum Foo: FooOwner { // Type 'Foo' does not conform to protocol FooOwner
case foo
}
解决方法是这个丑陋的东西:
protocol FooOwner {
static var fooOwner: Self { get }
}
enum Foo: FooOwner {
case foo
static var fooOwner: Foo {
return Foo.foo
}
}
对于符合静态变量协议的枚举,您有更好的解决方法吗?
真实用例
protocol StringConvertibleError: Swift.Error {
static var invalidCharactersError: Self { get }
}
protocol StringConvertibleErrorOwner {
associatedtype Error: StringConvertibleError
}
protocol StringConvertible {
var value: String { get }
/// Calling this with an invalid String will result in runtime crash.
init(validated: String)
init(string value: String) throws
static func validate(_ string: String) throws -> String
}
// MARK: - Default Implementation Constrained
extension StringConvertible where Self: CharacterSetSpecifying, Self: StringConvertibleErrorOwner {
static func validate(_ string: String) throws -> String {
guard Self.allowedCharacters.isSuperset(of: CharacterSet(charactersIn: string)) else {
throw Error.invalidCharactersError
}
// Valid
return string
}
}
struct HexString: StringConvertible, CharacterSetSpecifying, StringConvertibleErrorOwner {
static var allowedCharacters = CharacterSet.hexadecimal
let value: String
init(validated unvalidated: String) {
do {
self.value = try HexString.validate(unvalidated)
} catch {
fatalError("Passed unvalid string, error: \(error)")
}
}
}
extension HexString {
enum Error: StringConvertibleError {
static var invalidCharactersError: Error {
return Error.invalidCharacters
}
case invalidCharacters
}
}
所以这是我想更改的最后一部分:
extension HexString {
enum Error: StringConvertibleError {
case invalidCharacters
}
}
因为我有很多和HexString
相似的类型。
当然可以,显然我可以使用一个共享的错误枚举,但我希望每种类型都有一个特定的枚举。
SE-0280 解决这个问题 - 如果被接受。目前正在审核中。
编辑 1
这可能与 OP 的问题不完全匹配,但由于它看起来有些相关,所以我将其扔掉以防万一。
就我而言,我关心某些情况,但可以忽略其他情况(或以通用方式处理)。
我承认我的方法并不优雅,需要大量样板,但它让我解决了类似的问题。
// Given these enums, we want a protocol that matches enums with
// 'foo' and 'bar' cases.
enum FooFriends {
case foo // conforms
case bar // conforms
case baz // don't really care
}
enum FooBar {
case foo // conforms
case bar // conforms
}
// We wish we could do this:
protocol FooBarWish {
case foo // or static var foo: Self { get }
case bar // or static var bar: Self { get }
}
// Workaround
// the boiler plate
enum FooBarProxy {
case foo
case bar
case other
}
protocol FooBarProtocol {
func getProxy() -> FooBarProxy
}
extension FooFriends: FooBarProtocol {
func getProxy() -> FooBarProxy {
switch self {
case .foo:
return .foo
case .bar:
return .bar
default:
return .other
}
}
}
extension FooBar: FooBarProtocol {
func getProxy() -> FooBarProxy {
switch self {
case .foo:
return .foo
case .bar:
return .bar
}
}
}
// Usage
// Instead of the ideal case (which won't work)
let fooBarOrFooFriend1: FooBarWish = FooFriends.foo
let fooBarOrFooFriend2: FooBarWish = FooBar.bar
// We can get by with
let fooBarProxy1 = FooFriends.foo.getProxy()
let fooBarProxy2 = FooBar.bar.getProxy()
// Verification
func checkIt(_ foobar: FooBarProxy) {
switch foobar {
case .foo:
print("it was foo")
case .bar:
print("it was bar")
case .other:
print("it was neither")
}
}
checkIt(fooBarProxy1)
checkIt(fooBarProxy2)
// =>
// it was foo
// it was bar
简化示例
看看这个简单的协议
protocol FooOwner {
static var foo: Self { get }
}
我希望枚举符合上述协议,在我看来这应该可行,因为静态语法 SomeTypeConformingToFooOwner.foo
应该导致 SomeTypeConformingToFooOwner
的实例,并且在以下情况下SomeTypeConformingToFooOwner
是一个枚举。
enum Foo: FooOwner { // Type 'Foo' does not conform to protocol FooOwner
case foo
}
解决方法是这个丑陋的东西:
protocol FooOwner {
static var fooOwner: Self { get }
}
enum Foo: FooOwner {
case foo
static var fooOwner: Foo {
return Foo.foo
}
}
对于符合静态变量协议的枚举,您有更好的解决方法吗?
真实用例
protocol StringConvertibleError: Swift.Error {
static var invalidCharactersError: Self { get }
}
protocol StringConvertibleErrorOwner {
associatedtype Error: StringConvertibleError
}
protocol StringConvertible {
var value: String { get }
/// Calling this with an invalid String will result in runtime crash.
init(validated: String)
init(string value: String) throws
static func validate(_ string: String) throws -> String
}
// MARK: - Default Implementation Constrained
extension StringConvertible where Self: CharacterSetSpecifying, Self: StringConvertibleErrorOwner {
static func validate(_ string: String) throws -> String {
guard Self.allowedCharacters.isSuperset(of: CharacterSet(charactersIn: string)) else {
throw Error.invalidCharactersError
}
// Valid
return string
}
}
struct HexString: StringConvertible, CharacterSetSpecifying, StringConvertibleErrorOwner {
static var allowedCharacters = CharacterSet.hexadecimal
let value: String
init(validated unvalidated: String) {
do {
self.value = try HexString.validate(unvalidated)
} catch {
fatalError("Passed unvalid string, error: \(error)")
}
}
}
extension HexString {
enum Error: StringConvertibleError {
static var invalidCharactersError: Error {
return Error.invalidCharacters
}
case invalidCharacters
}
}
所以这是我想更改的最后一部分:
extension HexString {
enum Error: StringConvertibleError {
case invalidCharacters
}
}
因为我有很多和HexString
相似的类型。
当然可以,显然我可以使用一个共享的错误枚举,但我希望每种类型都有一个特定的枚举。
SE-0280 解决这个问题 - 如果被接受。目前正在审核中。
编辑 1
这可能与 OP 的问题不完全匹配,但由于它看起来有些相关,所以我将其扔掉以防万一。 就我而言,我关心某些情况,但可以忽略其他情况(或以通用方式处理)。 我承认我的方法并不优雅,需要大量样板,但它让我解决了类似的问题。
// Given these enums, we want a protocol that matches enums with
// 'foo' and 'bar' cases.
enum FooFriends {
case foo // conforms
case bar // conforms
case baz // don't really care
}
enum FooBar {
case foo // conforms
case bar // conforms
}
// We wish we could do this:
protocol FooBarWish {
case foo // or static var foo: Self { get }
case bar // or static var bar: Self { get }
}
// Workaround
// the boiler plate
enum FooBarProxy {
case foo
case bar
case other
}
protocol FooBarProtocol {
func getProxy() -> FooBarProxy
}
extension FooFriends: FooBarProtocol {
func getProxy() -> FooBarProxy {
switch self {
case .foo:
return .foo
case .bar:
return .bar
default:
return .other
}
}
}
extension FooBar: FooBarProtocol {
func getProxy() -> FooBarProxy {
switch self {
case .foo:
return .foo
case .bar:
return .bar
}
}
}
// Usage
// Instead of the ideal case (which won't work)
let fooBarOrFooFriend1: FooBarWish = FooFriends.foo
let fooBarOrFooFriend2: FooBarWish = FooBar.bar
// We can get by with
let fooBarProxy1 = FooFriends.foo.getProxy()
let fooBarProxy2 = FooBar.bar.getProxy()
// Verification
func checkIt(_ foobar: FooBarProxy) {
switch foobar {
case .foo:
print("it was foo")
case .bar:
print("it was bar")
case .other:
print("it was neither")
}
}
checkIt(fooBarProxy1)
checkIt(fooBarProxy2)
// =>
// it was foo
// it was bar