identity 方法是做什么的,Generic Singleton java

What does identity method do, Generic Singleton java

阅读有效java第 5 章第 27 项

它讨论了通用单例模式:

Now suppose that you want to provide an identity function. It would be wasteful to create a new one each time it’s required, as it’s stateless. If generics were reified, you would need one identity function per type, but since they’re erased you need only a generic singleton. Here’s how it looks:

public class GenericSingleton<T> {
    private static UnaryFunction<Object> IDENTIFY_FUNCTION = new UnaryFunction<Object>() {
        @Override
        public Object apply(Object args) {
            return args;
        }
    };

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> UnaryFunction<T> identityFunction() {
        return (UnaryFunction<T>) IDENTITY_FUNCTION;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] strings = {"jute", "hemp", "nylon"};
        UnaryFunction<String> sameString = identityFunction();
        for (String s : strings) {
            System.out.println(sameString.apply(s));
        }
        Number[] numbers = {1, 2.0, 3L};
        UnaryFunction<Number> sameNumber = identityFunction();
        for (Number n : numbers) {
            System.out.println(sameNumber.apply(n));
        }
    }
}

我不明白 apply 方法到底做了什么!
这就像获取一个对象并返回自身。为什么?一些无用的样本?

有人能告诉我用例吗?

一个用例是Collectors.toMap()

假设您有一个由唯一键标识的项目列表,并且您想要从该唯一键到对象本身的 Map

Collectors.toMap()需要两个函数:

  • 一个从对象中提取密钥
  • 另一个从对象中提取值

由于值应该是对象本身,因此您需要一个接受对象和 returns 同一对象的函数 - 这是您的身份函数。