在 Python3 中使用多处理进行文件读取

using multiprocessing for file reading in Python3

我有非常大的文件。每个文件将近 2GB。因此,我想 运行 并行处理多个文件。我可以这样做,因为所有文件都具有相似的格式,因此可以并行读取文件。我知道我应该使用多处理库,但我真的很困惑如何在我的代码中使用它。

我的文件读取代码是:

def file_reading(file,num_of_sample,segsites,positions,snp_matrix):
    with open(file,buffering=2000009999) as f:
        ###I read file here. I am not putting that code here.
        try:
            assert len(snp_matrix) == len(positions)
            return positions,snp_matrix ## return statement
        except:
            print('length of snp matrix and length of position vector not the same.')
            sys.exit(1)

我的主要功能是:

if __name__ == "__main__":    
    segsites = []
    positions = []
    snp_matrix = []




    path_to_directory = '/dataset/example/'
    extension = '*.msOut'

    num_of_samples = 162
    filename = glob.glob(path_to_directory+extension)

    ###How can I use multiprocessing with function file_reading
    number_of_workers = 10

   x,y,z = [],[],[]

    array_of_number_tuple = [(filename[file], segsites,positions,snp_matrix) for file in range(len(filename))]
    with multiprocessing.Pool(number_of_workers) as p:
        pos,snp = p.map(file_reading,array_of_number_tuple)
        x.extend(pos)
        y.extend(snp)

所以我对函数的输入如下:

  1. file - 包含文件名的列表
  2. num_of_samples - 整数值
  3. segsites - 最初是一个空列表,我想在阅读文件时将其附加到其中。
  4. positions - 最初是一个空列表,我想在读取文件时将其附加到其中。
  5. snp_matrix - 最初是一个空列表,我想在读取文件时将其附加到其中。

函数returns位置列表和snp_matrix列表末尾。我如何在我的参数是列表和整数的情况下使用多处理?我使用多处理的方式给我以下错误:

TypeError: file_reading() 缺少 3 个必需的位置参数:'segsites'、'positions' 和 'snp_matrix'

传递给 Pool.map 的列表中的元素不会自动解包。 'file_reading' 函数中通常只能有一个参数。

当然这个参数可以是元组,自己解包也没问题:

def file_reading(args):
    file, num_of_sample, segsites, positions, snp_matrix = args
    with open(file,buffering=2000009999) as f:
        ###I read file here. I am not putting that code here.
        try:
            assert len(snp_matrix) == len(positions)
            return positions,snp_matrix ## return statement
        except:
             print('length of snp matrix and length of position vector not the same.')
            sys.exit(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":    
    segsites = []
    positions = []
    snp_matrix = []

    path_to_directory = '/dataset/example/'
    extension = '*.msOut'

    num_of_samples = 162
    filename = glob.glob(path_to_directory+extension)

    number_of_workers = 10

    x,y,z = [],[],[]


    array_of_number_tuple = [(filename[file], num_of_samples, segsites,positions,snp_matrix) for file in range(len(filename))]
    with multiprocessing.Pool(number_of_workers) as p:
        pos,snp = p.map(file_reading,array_of_number_tuple)
        x.extend(pos)
        y.extend(snp)