有人可以指导我如何在 class 中重用函数吗？

Question

有人可以指导我如何重用 class 中的函数以便通过 import random 接收不同的输出吗？

这是我使用 python 3.7 和 Conda base 作为解释器在 VS Code 中编写的二十一点游戏。

我正在尝试重用函数 player_hand（随机卡片）并为 player_score（卡片值为整数）得到不同的结果

然后将这 2 个分数相加得到 final_player（最终分数）我非常感谢有关如何应对这一挑战的指导和反馈...

import random

suit = {'Jack': 10, 'Queen': 10, 'King': 10, 'Ace': 11, 'Two': 2, 'Three': 3,
        'Four': 4, 'Five': 5, 'Six': 6, 'Seven': 7, 'Eight': 8, 'Nine': 9}
symb = ['Spade', 'Clubs', 'Heart', 'Diamonds']

player_hand = random.sample(suit.items(), 1) + random.sample(symb, 1)
dealer_hand = random.sample(suit.items(), 1) + random.sample(symb, 1)

player_score = player_hand[0][1]
dealer_score = dealer_hand[0][1]
final_player = player_score + player_score
final_dealer = dealer_score + dealer_score


class Bet:
    def __init__(self, player, bank=0):
        self.bank = bank
        self.player = player

    def __str__(self):
        return f'Player balance: ${self.bank}\n'

    def bet(self):

        self.amount = int(input('Place bet:'))

        if self.bank <= self.amount:
            return 'put more $ '

        else:
            self.bank -= self.amount
            return f'Player balance: ${self.bank}'


class Card:

    def __init__(self, suit, symb):
        self.suit = suit
        self.symb = symb

    def deal(self, player_hand, dealer_hand, dealer_score, player_score):
        while True:
            print('dealer', dealer_hand)
            print('dealer', dealer_score)

            print('player', player_hand)
            print('player', player_score)
            break


class Card2:

    def deal(self, player_hand, dealer_hand, dealer_score, player_score):
            while True:
                print('dealer', dealer_hand)
                print('dealer', dealer_score)

                print('player', player_hand)
                print('player', player_score)
                break

    def total_score(self):
        print(final_dealer)
        print(final_player)

    def winner(self):
        if final_dealer < final_player:
            return 'Player wins!'
        elif final_player < final_dealer:
            return 'dealer wins'


be = Bet('Player', bank=100)

print(be)
print(be.bet())
print('\n')

print(Card.deal('p', player_hand, dealer_hand, dealer_score, player_score))

print('\n')
print(Card2.winner('winner'))

下面的输出示例：

Player balance: 0
Place bet:5
Player balance: 
dealer [('Queen', 10), 'Diamonds']
dealer 10
player [('Seven', 7), 'Heart']
player 7
None
dealer wins

Answer 1

我认为这里的挑战在于理解如何使用类对问题建模，尤其是当您是第一次接触面向对象编程 (OOP) 时。

你关于什么构成 Card 对象（即具有 rank 和 suit 的东西）的想法是合理的。 但这就是一张卡应该有的全部。所有的卡都只有这两个属性，像Card2一样创建类意义不大。这张牌只是一张纸，它应该对持有它的玩家或荷官、手中的其他牌、玩家的钱等一无所知。包括这些无关数据会导致 "coupling" 其中您的玩家、赌注和牌都开始相互依赖，导致 "spaghetti code."

这是从我写的 Deck 中绘制 Card 对象的快速实现：

import random

class Player:
    def __init__(self, money):
        self.money = money

    def bet(self, amount):
        self.money -= amount

class Deck:
    def __init__(self):
        self.build()

    def build(self):
        self.cards = []
        for rank in Card.ranks:
            for suit in Card.suits:
                card = Card(rank, suit)
                self.cards.append(card)

    def shuffle(self):
        random.shuffle(self.cards)

    def draw(self):
        if self.cards != []:
            card = self.cards.pop()
            return card
        else:
            raise IndexError("Cannot draw from empty deck")

class Card:
    ranks = {
        "Two": 2, "Three": 3, "Four": 4, "Five": 5, 
        "Six": 6, "Seven": 7, "Eight": 8, "Nine": 9,
        "Ten": 10, "Jack": 10, "Queen": 10, "King": 10,
        "Ace": 11,
    }
    suits = ["Spade", "Club", "Heart", "Diamond"]

    def __init__(self, rank, suit):
        self.rank = rank
        self.suit = suit

    def get_value(self):
        return Card.ranks[self.rank]

    def __str__(self):
        return "{0} of {1}s".format(self.rank, self.suit)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    deck = Deck()
    deck.shuffle()
    for i in range(100):#should error out once deck is empty
        card = deck.draw()
        print(i, str(card))

请注意，一旦您编写了各个部分（例如洗牌和抓牌），主函数中的代码就应该是直观的。如果任何代码没有意义，请告诉我。

有人可以指导我如何在 class 中重用函数吗？

Can someone please guide me on how to reuse a function in a class?

python

python-3.7