为什么在使用JSONDecoder.decode方法时不调用Decodable的init方法?

Why Decodable's init method isn't called when using JSONDecoder.decode method?

我正在尝试覆盖 JSONDecoder 解码数据的方式。

我尝试了以下方法:

struct Response : Decodable {
    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        print("Hello")
    }
}

let result = try JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from: Data())

但是 init(from:) 没有被调用。 基本上我希望 JSONDecoder 在将空数据解码为空 Response 对象时总是成功

Data 对象导致 init 方法抛出错误

The given data was not valid JSON.

在 "Hello" 打印之前。


如果你想得到一个空的 Response 对象(假设你不必调用任何指定的初始化程序)捕获 dataCorrupted 解码错误

struct Response : Decodable {}

var response : Response?
do {
    response = try JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from: Data())
} catch DecodingError.dataCorrupted(let context) where (context.underlyingError as NSError?)?.code == 3840 { // "The given data was not valid JSON."
    response = Response()
} catch { print(error) }

无论谁来到此页面寻找强制在可解码 class 上使用 INIT 的解决方案,您只需要使用:

required init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {

完整示例:

class DeviceListElement: Codable {
    
    var firmwareVersion, deviceName: String
    var status: Int
    
    
    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case firmwareVersion = "fwVer"
        case deviceName
        case status
    }
    

    required init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        
        let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        firmwareVersion = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .firmwareVersion)
        deviceName = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .deviceName)
        status = try container.decode(Int.self, forKey: .status)
        
        
        //if is optional use this: container.decodeIfPresent(String.self, forKey: .blabla)
    }
    
}