执行脚本时没有任何反应？

Question

我的目标是创建一个 python 的脚本，它将 format/modify xml 文件。文件路径和文件名将在命令行中作为参数给出。

下面是我的代码：

import lxml.etree as etree
from argparse import ArgumentParser
import sys
import os

def main():
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--path', help="path to file's directory", required=True)
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--file', help="file name", required=True)
    args = parser.parse_args()

    root_dir = sys.argv[1]
    file_name = sys.argv[2]

    path = sys.argv[1] + sys.argv[2]

    for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk(root_dir):
        for file in files:
            if file == file_name:
                print(os.path.join(dirpath, file_name))

                with open(path, 'r', encoding="utf8") as myfile:
                    try:
                        print("DONE")
                        parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text = True)
                        tree = etree.parse(path, parser)
                        tree.write(path, pretty_print = True)

                    except IOError:
                        print("IO Exception Occured")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

当我从 cmd 运行它时 - 我有 0 个错误，但文件未格式化，即使我给出了不存在的文件名 - 仍然没有错误。所以当我从 cmd 运行它时 - 没有任何反应。

当我尝试在 Visual Studio 中调试它时，出现需要提供 2 个参数的错误。谁能告诉我如何修复我的代码，我不知道我哪里有错误代码？

Answer 1

你是 misusing/combining/confusing sys.argv 和 ArgumentParser。这段代码实际上给了你意想不到的结果，因为你的变量不是你想的那样！

root_dir = sys.argv[1]
file_name = sys.argv[2]
# Add some print statements to examine these variables:
print(f'root_dir:{root_dir}')
print(f'file_name:{file_name}')

看：

改为这样做：

    root_dir = args.path
    file_name = args.file

这是我用来测试的代码：

from argparse import ArgumentParser
import sys

def main():
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--path', help="path to file's directory", required=True)
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--file', help="file name", required=True)
    args = parser.parse_args()

    root_dir = args.path
    file_name = args.file
    print(f'root_dir:{root_dir}')
    print(f'file_name:{file_name}')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Answer 2

你在混合两种东西！

方法一

使用 XmlFormat.py -p c:\User\Desktop\test\ -f test.xml

启动

import lxml.etree as etree
from argparse import ArgumentParser
import sys
import os

def main():
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--path', help="path to file's directory", required=True)
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--file', help="file name", required=True)
    args = parser.parse_args()

    root_dir = args.path
    file_name = args.file

    path = root_dir + file_name

    for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk(root_dir):
        for file in files:
            if file == file_name:
                print(os.path.join(dirpath, file_name))

                with open(path, 'r', encoding="utf8") as myfile:
                    try:
                        print("DONE")
                        parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text = True)
                        tree = etree.parse(path, parser)
                        tree.write(path, pretty_print = True)

                    except IOError:
                        print("IO Exception Occured")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

方法二

使用 XmlFormat.py c:\User\Desktop\test\ test.xml 启动（不要使用 -p 和 -f）

import lxml.etree as etree
from argparse import ArgumentParser
import sys
import os

def main():
    root_dir = sys.argv[1]
    file_name = sys.argv[2]

    path = root_dir + file_name

    for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk(root_dir):
        for file in files:
            if file == file_name:
                print(os.path.join(dirpath, file_name))

                with open(path, 'r', encoding="utf8") as myfile:
                    try:
                        print("DONE")
                        parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text = True)
                        tree = etree.parse(path, parser)
                        tree.write(path, pretty_print = True)

                    except IOError:
                        print("IO Exception Occured")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

执行脚本时没有任何反应？

While executing script nothing happens?

python

cmd

command-line-arguments