SQL 服务器：具有内部 SELECT 和子 SELECT 的 SUM()。每次都出错

Question

问题已改写

我 在 SQL 语句中有 以下列定义及其自己的 GROUP BY...

    SUM((SELECT a.CONT_TOT
     FROM  (SELECT   gl2.VisitID, gl2.MessageID, gl2.BillOfLading, COUNT(gl2.ContainerID) AS CONT_TOT
            FROM     dbo.tblEDIGoodsLines AS gl2
            WHERE    gl2.VisitID = gl.VisitID AND gl2.MessageID = gl.MessageID AND gl2.BillOfLading = gl.BillOfLading
            GROUP BY gl2.VisitID, gl2.MessageID, gl2.BillOfLading) AS a)) as TotalContainers,    

...etc

而且我不断收到此错误。

Cannot perform an aggregate function on an expression containing an aggregate or a subquery.

我正在尝试获取 outside/bigger SELECT 中的总行数以及 TOTUCONT 中唯一容器计数的总数。

我做错了什么？

这是更大的 SQL 查询，以说明我关于 GROUP BY 和聚合函数中的子查询的观点，如 SUM():

SELECT
    gl.MessageID,
    gl.BillOfLading,
    gl.[Description],
    CASE WHEN e.PortID = 9 THEN 'Export'
      WHEN e.PortID = 11 THEN 'Import'
      ELSE 'ERROR'
    END AS Direction,
    CASE WHEN ctypes.ID IS NOT NULL
         THEN ctypes.ContainerSizeType 
         ELSE 'OTH'
    END AS CSizeType,
    ctypes.Length_ft + 'ft ' + ctypes.Height_ft + 'ft - ' + ctypes.Characteristics + ' (' + COALESCE(ctypes.Codes1995, ctypes.Codes1984) + ')' AS ContainerType,
    COUNT(gl.ContainerID) AS TOTCONT,
    SUM(a.CTOTAL) AS TOTUCONT
FROM tblEDIGoodsLines AS gl 
    INNER JOIN tblEDIEquipmentLines AS el 
        ON el.MessageID = gl.MessageID AND
           el.ContainerID = gl.ContainerID
    INNER JOIN tblEDI AS e
        ON CHARINDEX(e.MessageID, gl.MessageID) > 0 AND
           e.VisitID = gl.VisitID AND
           CHARINDEX('EXCEL', e.MessageRelease) = 0 AND
           e.Status = 1
    LEFT JOIN tblContainerTypesISO6346 AS ctypes 
        ON ctypes.Codes1984 = el.SizeAndType OR 
           ctypes.Codes1995 = el.SizeAndType
    LEFT JOIN (SELECT gl2.MessageID, gl2.VisitID, gl2.BillOfLading, gl2.description, COUNT(DISTINCT gl2.ContainerID) AS CTOTAL
              FROM tblEDIGoodsLines AS gl2 
              WHERE gl2.MessageID = gl.MessageID 
                AND gl2.VisitID = gl.VisitID 
                and gl2.BillOfLading = gl.billoflading 
                and gl2.description = gl.description
              GROUP BY gl2.MessageID, gl2.VisitID, gl2.BillOfLading, gl2.description) AS a
        ON a.MessageID = gl.MessageID AND a.VisitID = gl.VisitID AND a.BillOfLading = gl.billoflading AND a.description = gl.description
WHERE gl.Status = 1
  AND gl.VisitID = 22987
GROUP BY
    gl.MessageID,
    gl.BillOfLading,
    gl.[Description],
    CASE WHEN e.PortID = 9 THEN 'Export'
         WHEN e.PortID = 11 THEN 'Import'
         ELSE 'ERROR'
    END,
    CASE WHEN ctypes.ID IS NOT NULL
         THEN ctypes.ContainerSizeType 
         ELSE 'OTH'
    END,
    ctypes.Length_ft + 'ft ' + ctypes.Height_ft + 'ft - ' + ctypes.Characteristics + ' (' + COALESCE(ctypes.Codes1995, ctypes.Codes1984) + ')'

以上无论如何都不起作用，因为我试图通过将 "column" SELECT 分离到它自己的 JOIN 查询中来解决这个问题，但现在我得到了这个：

The multi-part identifier "gl.MessageID" could not be bound.

这意味着 LEFT JOIN (SELECT...) 无效？

再次感谢

更新 2

这里有一个数据样本来进一步解释：

所以你可以看到我想要的结果，TOTCONT 加起来为“4”。这很简单 - 只需计算行数，但 TOTUCONT 只计算容器 ID 一次。

Answer 1

试试这个，

 (SELECT SUM(a.CONT_TOT)
 FROM  (SELECT   gl2.VisitID, gl2.MessageID, gl2.BillOfLading, COUNT(gl2.ContainerID) AS CONT_TOT
        FROM     dbo.tblEDIGoodsLines AS gl2
        WHERE    gl2.VisitID = gl.VisitID AND gl2.MessageID = gl.MessageID AND gl2.BillOfLading = gl.BillOfLading
        GROUP BY gl2.VisitID, gl2.MessageID, gl2.BillOfLading) AS a) as TotalContainers,

Answer 2

我认为你可以将其简化为：

(SELECT COUNT(gl2.ContainerID)
 FROM dbo.tblEDIGoodsLines gl2
 WHERE gl2.VisitID = gl.VisitID AND
       gl2.MessageID = gl.MessageID AND
       gl2.BillOfLading = gl.BillOfLading
) as TotalContainers,

备注：

外面的SUM()是不必要的。您可以在子查询中进行聚合。
不需要两级子查询。
GROUP BY 是不必要的。没有 GROUP BY 的聚合查询总是 returns 恰好一行，这就是您想要的标量子查询。

根据您查询的其余部分，这在您的完整查询中可能仍然不起作用。如果是这种情况，那么您应该提出一个 new 问题，其中包含示例数据、所需结果和（的简化版本）不起作用的查询。

Answer 3

改为：

SUM(a.CONT_TOT) as TotalContainers
     FROM  (
       SELECT   COUNT(gl2.ContainerID) AS CONT_TOT
       FROM     dbo.tblEDIGoodsLines AS gl2
       WHERE    gl2.VisitID = gl.VisitID AND gl2.MessageID = gl.MessageID AND gl2.BillOfLading = gl.BillOfLading
       GROUP BY gl2.VisitID, gl2.MessageID, gl2.BillOfLading
     ) AS a,

根据代码的用途，您可能需要在末尾使用括号。
我从 SELECT 列表中删除了额外的列，因为获取 SUM() 不需要它们（除非您需要它们来做其他事情？）。
编辑
从最后一个 JOIN 中删除 WHERE 子句：

WHERE gl2.MessageID = gl.MessageID 
  AND gl2.VisitID = gl.VisitID 
  and gl2.BillOfLading = gl.billoflading 
  and gl2.description = gl.description

这些条件适用于 ON 子句。

Answer 4

尝试重构代码使其更像这样（正如我之前评论的那样）。它还可能有助于解决您正在处理的其他问题：

with cte_ctotal
as (
    select gl2.MessageID,
        gl2.VisitID,
        gl2.BillOfLading,
        gl2.description,
        COUNT(distinct gl2.ContainerID) as CTOTAL
    from tblEDIGoodsLines as gl2
    group by gl2.MessageID,
        gl2.VisitID,
        gl2.BillOfLading,
        gl2.description
    ),
cte_containers
as (
    select
    a.ContainerID,
    gl.MessageID,
    gl.VisitID,
    gl.BillOfLading,
    gl.Description,
    case 
        when e.PortID = 9
            then 'Export'
        when e.PortID = 11
            then 'Import'
        else 'ERROR'
        end as Direction,
    case 
        when ctypes.ID is not null
            then ctypes.ContainerSizeType
        else 'OTH'
        end as CSizeType,
    ctypes.Length_ft + 'ft ' + ctypes.Height_ft + 'ft - ' + ctypes.Characteristics + ' (' + COALESCE(ctypes.Codes1995, ctypes.Codes1984) + ')' as ContainerType,
    from tblEDIGoodsLines gl
    inner join tblEDIEquipmentLines el on el.MessageID = gl.MessageID
                                        and el.ContainerID = gl.ContainerID
    inner join tblEDI e on CHARINDEX(e.MessageID, gl.MessageID) > 0
                        and e.VisitID = gl.VisitID
                        and CHARINDEX('EXCEL', e.MessageRelease) = 0
                        and e.status = 1
    left join tblContainerTypesISO6346 ctypes on ctypes.Codes1984 = el.SizeAndType
                                              or ctypes.Codes1995 = el.SizeAndType
    where gl.status = 1
    and gl.VisitID = 22987
    )
select 
c.MessageID,
c.BillOfLading,
c.Description,
c.Direction,
c.CSizeType,
c.ContainerType,
COUNT(c.ContainerID) as TOTCONT,
SUM(COALESCE(ct.CTOTAL,0)) as TOTUCONT
from cte_containers c
left join cte_ctotal ct on ct.MessageID = c.MessageID
                       and ct.VisitID = c.VisitID
                       and ct.BillOfLading = c.billoflading
                       and ct.description = c.description
group by c.MessageID,
    c.BillOfLading,
    c.Description,
    c.Direction,
    c.CSizeType,
    c.ContainerType;

SQL 服务器：具有内部 SELECT 和子 SELECT 的 SUM()。每次都出错

SQL Server: SUM() with internal SELECT and sub SELECT. Error every time

sql

sql-server

aggregate-functions

sql-server-2008