如何使用单个 SQL 查询 material 的账单来获取所有级别的数据

Question

我有很多 material 项目的清单，其中包含他们的原始 material 和半成品。半成品有自己的 material 原始 material 和进一步的半成品等。

我想创建一个 SQL 查询，通过它我想获取 material 的账单的详细信息，直到最后一级。我将为 material 的父帐单放置一个 WHERE 子句，并且应该获取最后一级的详细信息。它不限于7级，有些项目甚至可以达到10或15级。

下面是层次结构的示例，例如项目 'A'。

下面是table的结构和里面的数据。

Answer 1

使用分层查询和过滤器仅获取叶节点。

Oracle 设置:

CREATE TABLE table_name ( bom_code, rm_code, qty ) AS
  SELECT 'A', 'B', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'C', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'D', 5 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'E', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'F', 8 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'G', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'H', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'I', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'J', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'F', 'K', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'F', 'L', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'G', 'Z', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'G', 'AA', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'I', 'M', 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'I', 'N', 9 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'I', 'O', 7 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'P', 6 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'Q', 12 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'R', 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'S', 9 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'S', 'T', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'S', 'U', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'T', 'V', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'T', 'W', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'U', 'X', 5 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'U', 'Y', 8 FROM DUAL;

查询:

SELECT t.*,
       SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH( BOM_CODE, '-' ) || '-' || RM_CODE AS path,
       LEVEL
FROM   table_name t
WHERE  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF = 1
START WITH bom_code = 'A'
CONNECT BY PRIOR rm_code = bom_code;

输出:

BOM_CODE | RM_CODE | QTY | PATH           | LEVEL
:------- | :------ | --: | :------------- | ----:
A        | B       |   1 | -A-B           |     1
A        | C       |   2 | -A-C           |     1
G        | AA      |   3 | -A-D-G-AA      |     3
G        | Z       |   1 | -A-D-G-Z       |     3
D        | H       |   1 | -A-D-H         |     2
I        | M       |   4 | -A-D-I-M       |     3
N        | P       |   6 | -A-D-I-N-P     |     4
N        | Q       |  12 | -A-D-I-N-Q     |     4
N        | R       |   4 | -A-D-I-N-R     |     4
T        | V       |   1 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-V |     6
T        | W       |   3 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-W |     6
U        | X       |   5 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-X |     6
U        | Y       |   8 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-Y |     6
I        | O       |   7 | -A-D-I-O       |     3
D        | J       |   1 | -A-D-J         |     2
A        | E       |   3 | -A-E           |     1
F        | K       |   1 | -A-F-K         |     2
F        | L       |   1 | -A-F-L         |     2

查询 2:

如果你想要路径上的总量，那么使用相关子查询反向遍历层次结构：

SELECT t.*,
       SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH( BOM_CODE, '-' ) || '-' || RM_CODE AS path,
       LEVEL,
       ( SELECT SUM( qty )
         FROM   table_name s
         START WITH t.rm_code = s.rm_code
         CONNECT BY PRIOR bom_code = rm_code ) AS total_qty
FROM   table_name t
WHERE  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF = 1
START WITH bom_code = 'A'
CONNECT BY PRIOR rm_code = bom_code;

输出:

BOM_CODE | RM_CODE | QTY | PATH           | LEVEL | TOTAL_QTY
:------- | :------ | --: | :------------- | ----: | --------:
A        | B       |   1 | -A-B           |     1 |         1
A        | C       |   2 | -A-C           |     1 |         2
G        | AA      |   3 | -A-D-G-AA      |     3 |        10
G        | Z       |   1 | -A-D-G-Z       |     3 |         8
D        | H       |   1 | -A-D-H         |     2 |         6
I        | M       |   4 | -A-D-I-M       |     3 |        10
N        | P       |   6 | -A-D-I-N-P     |     4 |        21
N        | Q       |  12 | -A-D-I-N-Q     |     4 |        27
N        | R       |   4 | -A-D-I-N-R     |     4 |        19
T        | V       |   1 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-V |     6 |        28
T        | W       |   3 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-W |     6 |        30
U        | X       |   5 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-X |     6 |        31
U        | Y       |   8 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-Y |     6 |        34
I        | O       |   7 | -A-D-I-O       |     3 |        13
D        | J       |   1 | -A-D-J         |     2 |         6
A        | E       |   3 | -A-E           |     1 |         3
F        | K       |   1 | -A-F-K         |     2 |         9
F        | L       |   1 | -A-F-L         |     2 |         9

db<>fiddle here

如何使用单个 SQL 查询 material 的账单来获取所有级别的数据

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