无法从派生自 ActionFilterAttribute 的 class 访问存储库(或 DbContext)

Unable to access repository (or DbContext) from a class that is derived from ActionFilterAttribute

我有一个使用存储库模式的 ASP.NET Core 2.2 MVC Web 应用程序。我创建了一个名为 LogAttribute 的 class 派生自 ActionFilterAttribute 以便我可以在执行控制器操作后记录信息。

这是在 mvc 控制器中使用此操作过滤器属性的示例 class:

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    private readonly IMyRepository _repository;

    public HomeController(IMyRepository repository)
    {
        _repository = repository;
    }

    [Log("Go to Home Page")]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
    {
        ...
    }

    [Log("Go to About Page")]
    public async Task<IActionResult> About()
    {
        ...
    }
}

所以当我转到 /Home 时,它应该记录 "Go to Home Page"。当我转到 /About 页面时,它应该记录 "Go to About Page".

但是,我不知道如何从 LogAttribute class 访问我的存储库。这是 LogAttribute class:

public class LogAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    private IDictionary<string, object> _arguments;
    private IMyRepository _repository;

    public string Description { get; set; }

    public LogAttribute(string description)
    {
        Description = description;
    }

    // // Injecting repository as a dependency in the ctor DOESN'T WORK
    // public LogAttribute(string description, IMyRepository repository)
    // {
    //     Description = description;
    //     _repository = repository;
    // }

    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
        _arguments = filterContext.ActionArguments;
        base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
    }

    public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
    {
        var description = Description;

        // NullReferenceException since I don't know
        // how to access _repository from this class
        _repository.AddLog(new LogAction
        {
            Description = description
        });
    }
}

所以我的问题是如何从我的 LogAttribute class 访问我的存储库(或至少我的 DbContext)?

你不知道。属性不能有构造函数注入参数,并且它们的生命周期是无限的,这使得它们成为与 ASP.NET 核心管道集成的非常糟糕的选择。

因此,属性本身不应执行任何 "heavy lifting"。我觉得在 ActionFilterAttribute 中显示琐碎日志记录(使用 Debug.WriteLine)的各种在线教程和指南正在损害他们的读者(例如(不要这样做!) https://www.tutorialsteacher.com/mvc/action-filters-in-mvc )

如果您使用的是 ASP.NET 核心,则分别实现 IActionFilter(或 IAsyncActionFilter)和 IFilterFactory,并使 IFilterFactory 成为 Attribute(而不是 IActionFilter),像这样:

// This class is the attribute. Note that it is not an action filter itself.
// This class cannot have DI constructor injection, but it can access the IServiceProvider.
public class LogAttribute : Attribute, IFilterFactory
{
    public IFilterMetadata CreateInstance(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        return serviceProvider.GetService<LogFilter>();
    }
}


// This class is the actual filter. It is not an attribute.
// This class *can* have DI constructor injection.
public class LogFilter : IActionFilter // or IAsyncActionFilter
{
    public LogFilter( DbContext db )
    {

    }
}

可在此处找到完整示例:( https://www.devtrends.co.uk/blog/dependency-injection-in-action-filters-in-asp.net-core )

您可以 100% 注入动作过滤器。问题是当它用作属性时,因为属性是内联实例化的,没有为服务集合提供实际执行注入的机会。但是,有一个解决方法 TypeFilterAttribute:

[TypeFilter(typeof(LogAttribute),
    Arguments = new object[] { "Go to Home Page" })]

然后,您将拥有如下构造函数:

public LogAttribute(string description, IMyRepository repository)