rails 上的 Heroku 和 ruby：部署有效，但 运行 应用程序无法执行常见的 sqlite3 错误
Heroku and ruby on rails: Deploy works, but running app fails do to usual sqlite3 error
我知道这个问题很常见，S.O 上有很多问题。提供相同的解决方案，安装 pg 而不是 sqlite3 并将 sqlite3 移动到开发组下。
我已经这样做了。
I'm following this tutorial, the first chapter: https://www.railstutorial.org/book/beginning
这是我的 Gemfile
source 'https://rubygems.org'
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }
ruby '2.6.3'
gem 'rails', '6.0.0'
gem 'puma', '3.12.1'
gem 'sass-rails', '5.1.0'
gem 'webpacker', '4.0.7'
gem 'turbolinks', '5.2.0'
gem 'jbuilder', '2.9.1'
gem 'bootsnap', '1.4.4', require: false
group :development, :test do
gem 'sqlite3', '1.4.1'
gem 'byebug', '11.0.1', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
end
group :development do
gem 'web-console', '4.0.1'
gem 'listen', '3.1.5'
gem 'spring', '2.1.0'
gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '2.0.1'
end
group :test do
gem 'capybara', '3.28.0'
gem 'selenium-webdriver', '3.142.4'
gem 'webdrivers', '4.1.2'
end
group :production do
gem 'pg', '1.1.4'
end
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
我做到了
bundle install
然后
git push heroku master
据我了解，这个阶段运作良好。
具体来说，我在执行推送时在日志中看到了这一点
remote: Using pg 1.1.4
并且没有提及任何类型的 sqlite
问题
当我在浏览器中打开 webapp 时，我可以看到
Application error
An error occurred in the application and your page could not be served. If you are the application > owner, check your logs for details.
从cli我看到
Starting process with command `bin/rails server -p 58154 -e production`
...
Process exited with status 1
Exiting
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/bundler-1.17.3/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:408:in `block (2 levels) in replace_gem': Error loading the 'sqlite3' Active Record adapter. Missing a gem it depends on? sqlite3 is not part of the bundle. Add it to your Gemfile. (LoadError)
我满Gemfile.lock
GEM
remote: https://rubygems.org/
specs:
actioncable (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
nio4r (~> 2.0)
websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
actionmailbox (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
mail (>= 2.7.1)
actionmailer (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
actionview (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
actionpack (6.0.0)
actionview (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
rack (~> 2.0)
rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.2.0)
actiontext (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
nokogiri (>= 1.8.5)
actionview (6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
builder (~> 3.1)
erubi (~> 1.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.1, >= 1.2.0)
activejob (6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
globalid (>= 0.3.6)
activemodel (6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (6.0.0)
activemodel (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
marcel (~> 0.3.1)
activesupport (6.0.0)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
minitest (~> 5.1)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
zeitwerk (~> 2.1, >= 2.1.8)
addressable (2.7.0)
public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
bindex (0.8.1)
bootsnap (1.4.4)
msgpack (~> 1.0)
builder (3.2.3)
byebug (11.0.1)
capybara (3.28.0)
addressable
mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
rack (>= 1.6.0)
rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
regexp_parser (~> 1.5)
xpath (~> 3.2)
childprocess (1.0.0)
concurrent-ruby (1.1.5)
crass (1.0.5)
erubi (1.9.0)
ffi (1.11.1)
globalid (0.4.2)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
i18n (1.7.0)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
jbuilder (2.9.1)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
listen (3.1.5)
rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
ruby_dep (~> 1.2)
loofah (2.3.0)
crass (~> 1.0.2)
nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
mail (2.7.1)
mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
marcel (0.3.3)
mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
method_source (0.9.2)
mimemagic (0.3.3)
mini_mime (1.0.2)
mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
minitest (5.12.2)
msgpack (1.3.1)
nio4r (2.5.2)
nokogiri (1.10.4)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
pg (1.1.4)
public_suffix (4.0.1)
puma (3.12.1)
rack (2.0.7)
rack-proxy (0.6.5)
rack
rack-test (1.1.0)
rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
rails (6.0.0)
actioncable (= 6.0.0)
actionmailbox (= 6.0.0)
actionmailer (= 6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
actiontext (= 6.0.0)
actionview (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
activemodel (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
bundler (>= 1.3.0)
railties (= 6.0.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
nokogiri (>= 1.6)
rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
loofah (~> 2.3)
railties (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
method_source
rake (>= 0.8.7)
thor (>= 0.20.3, < 2.0)
rake (13.0.0)
rb-fsevent (0.10.3)
rb-inotify (0.10.0)
ffi (~> 1.0)
regexp_parser (1.6.0)
ruby_dep (1.5.0)
rubyzip (1.3.0)
sass (3.7.4)
sass-listen (~> 4.0.0)
sass-listen (4.0.0)
rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
sass-rails (5.1.0)
railties (>= 5.2.0)
sass (~> 3.1)
sprockets (>= 2.8, < 4.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
tilt (>= 1.1, < 3)
selenium-webdriver (3.142.4)
childprocess (>= 0.5, < 3.0)
rubyzip (~> 1.2, >= 1.2.2)
spring (2.1.0)
spring-watcher-listen (2.0.1)
listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
spring (>= 1.2, < 3.0)
sprockets (3.7.2)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
rack (> 1, < 3)
sprockets-rails (3.2.1)
actionpack (>= 4.0)
activesupport (>= 4.0)
sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
sqlite3 (1.4.1)
thor (0.20.3)
thread_safe (0.3.6)
tilt (2.0.10)
turbolinks (5.2.0)
turbolinks-source (~> 5.2)
turbolinks-source (5.2.0)
tzinfo (1.2.5)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
web-console (4.0.1)
actionview (>= 6.0.0)
activemodel (>= 6.0.0)
bindex (>= 0.4.0)
railties (>= 6.0.0)
webdrivers (4.1.2)
nokogiri (~> 1.6)
rubyzip (~> 1.0)
selenium-webdriver (>= 3.0, < 4.0)
webpacker (4.0.7)
activesupport (>= 4.2)
rack-proxy (>= 0.6.1)
railties (>= 4.2)
websocket-driver (0.7.1)
websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
websocket-extensions (0.1.4)
xpath (3.2.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
zeitwerk (2.2.0)
PLATFORMS
ruby
DEPENDENCIES
bootsnap (= 1.4.4)
byebug (= 11.0.1)
capybara (= 3.28.0)
jbuilder (= 2.9.1)
listen (= 3.1.5)
pg (= 1.1.4)
puma (= 3.12.1)
rails (= 6.0.0)
sass-rails (= 5.1.0)
selenium-webdriver (= 3.142.4)
spring (= 2.1.0)
spring-watcher-listen (= 2.0.1)
sqlite3 (= 1.4.1)
turbolinks (= 5.2.0)
tzinfo-data
web-console (= 4.0.1)
webdrivers (= 4.1.2)
webpacker (= 4.0.7)
RUBY VERSION
ruby 2.6.3p62
BUNDLED WITH
1.17.2
问题
我还必须做些什么才能简单地部署和 运行 这个（hellow world 应用程序）？
编辑 1 - 我的 database.yml
# SQLite. Versions 3.8.0 and up are supported.
# gem install sqlite3
#
# Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile
# gem 'sqlite3'
#
default: &default
adapter: sqlite3
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
timeout: 5000
development:
<<: *default
database: db/development.sqlite3
# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
<<: *default
database: db/test.sqlite3
production:
<<: *default
database: db/production.sqlite3
我在这里看到它指的是 sqlite3 的生产数据库。我实际上没有使用它。只有一个操作说 'hello world'... 为什么要尝试连接到数据库？！？！？！
请注意您的生产数据库设置如何使用 *default 并引用 sqlite3？这就是导致错误的原因。 *default 部分在默认设置下加载所有内容，即这部分
default: &default
adapter: sqlite3
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
timeout: 5000
所以你需要更改 production 下的设置并删除那些东西。
production:
adapter: postgresql
确保推送到 git 并部署到 heroku 以使更改生效。
如果您有需要 运行 的迁移，那么您还需要从控制台 运行 heroku run rake db:migrate 来设置数据库表，它甚至会查找此连接在 "hello world" 页面上，因此需要设置数据库才能使应用程序正常工作（据我所知）。
我知道这个问题很常见，S.O 上有很多问题。提供相同的解决方案，安装 pg 而不是 sqlite3 并将 sqlite3 移动到开发组下。
我已经这样做了。
I'm following this tutorial, the first chapter: https://www.railstutorial.org/book/beginning
这是我的 Gemfile
source 'https://rubygems.org'
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }
ruby '2.6.3'
gem 'rails', '6.0.0'
gem 'puma', '3.12.1'
gem 'sass-rails', '5.1.0'
gem 'webpacker', '4.0.7'
gem 'turbolinks', '5.2.0'
gem 'jbuilder', '2.9.1'
gem 'bootsnap', '1.4.4', require: false
group :development, :test do
gem 'sqlite3', '1.4.1'
gem 'byebug', '11.0.1', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
end
group :development do
gem 'web-console', '4.0.1'
gem 'listen', '3.1.5'
gem 'spring', '2.1.0'
gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '2.0.1'
end
group :test do
gem 'capybara', '3.28.0'
gem 'selenium-webdriver', '3.142.4'
gem 'webdrivers', '4.1.2'
end
group :production do
gem 'pg', '1.1.4'
end
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
我做到了
bundle install
然后
git push heroku master
据我了解，这个阶段运作良好。
具体来说，我在执行推送时在日志中看到了这一点
remote: Using pg 1.1.4
并且没有提及任何类型的 sqlite
问题
当我在浏览器中打开 webapp 时，我可以看到
Application error An error occurred in the application and your page could not be served. If you are the application > owner, check your logs for details.
从cli我看到
Starting process with command `bin/rails server -p 58154 -e production`
...
Process exited with status 1
Exiting
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/bundler-1.17.3/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:408:in `block (2 levels) in replace_gem': Error loading the 'sqlite3' Active Record adapter. Missing a gem it depends on? sqlite3 is not part of the bundle. Add it to your Gemfile. (LoadError)
我满Gemfile.lock
GEM
remote: https://rubygems.org/
specs:
actioncable (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
nio4r (~> 2.0)
websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
actionmailbox (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
mail (>= 2.7.1)
actionmailer (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
actionview (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
actionpack (6.0.0)
actionview (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
rack (~> 2.0)
rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.2.0)
actiontext (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
nokogiri (>= 1.8.5)
actionview (6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
builder (~> 3.1)
erubi (~> 1.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.1, >= 1.2.0)
activejob (6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
globalid (>= 0.3.6)
activemodel (6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (6.0.0)
activemodel (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
marcel (~> 0.3.1)
activesupport (6.0.0)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
minitest (~> 5.1)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
zeitwerk (~> 2.1, >= 2.1.8)
addressable (2.7.0)
public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
bindex (0.8.1)
bootsnap (1.4.4)
msgpack (~> 1.0)
builder (3.2.3)
byebug (11.0.1)
capybara (3.28.0)
addressable
mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
rack (>= 1.6.0)
rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
regexp_parser (~> 1.5)
xpath (~> 3.2)
childprocess (1.0.0)
concurrent-ruby (1.1.5)
crass (1.0.5)
erubi (1.9.0)
ffi (1.11.1)
globalid (0.4.2)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
i18n (1.7.0)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
jbuilder (2.9.1)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
listen (3.1.5)
rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
ruby_dep (~> 1.2)
loofah (2.3.0)
crass (~> 1.0.2)
nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
mail (2.7.1)
mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
marcel (0.3.3)
mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
method_source (0.9.2)
mimemagic (0.3.3)
mini_mime (1.0.2)
mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
minitest (5.12.2)
msgpack (1.3.1)
nio4r (2.5.2)
nokogiri (1.10.4)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
pg (1.1.4)
public_suffix (4.0.1)
puma (3.12.1)
rack (2.0.7)
rack-proxy (0.6.5)
rack
rack-test (1.1.0)
rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
rails (6.0.0)
actioncable (= 6.0.0)
actionmailbox (= 6.0.0)
actionmailer (= 6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
actiontext (= 6.0.0)
actionview (= 6.0.0)
activejob (= 6.0.0)
activemodel (= 6.0.0)
activerecord (= 6.0.0)
activestorage (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
bundler (>= 1.3.0)
railties (= 6.0.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
nokogiri (>= 1.6)
rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
loofah (~> 2.3)
railties (6.0.0)
actionpack (= 6.0.0)
activesupport (= 6.0.0)
method_source
rake (>= 0.8.7)
thor (>= 0.20.3, < 2.0)
rake (13.0.0)
rb-fsevent (0.10.3)
rb-inotify (0.10.0)
ffi (~> 1.0)
regexp_parser (1.6.0)
ruby_dep (1.5.0)
rubyzip (1.3.0)
sass (3.7.4)
sass-listen (~> 4.0.0)
sass-listen (4.0.0)
rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
sass-rails (5.1.0)
railties (>= 5.2.0)
sass (~> 3.1)
sprockets (>= 2.8, < 4.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
tilt (>= 1.1, < 3)
selenium-webdriver (3.142.4)
childprocess (>= 0.5, < 3.0)
rubyzip (~> 1.2, >= 1.2.2)
spring (2.1.0)
spring-watcher-listen (2.0.1)
listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
spring (>= 1.2, < 3.0)
sprockets (3.7.2)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
rack (> 1, < 3)
sprockets-rails (3.2.1)
actionpack (>= 4.0)
activesupport (>= 4.0)
sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
sqlite3 (1.4.1)
thor (0.20.3)
thread_safe (0.3.6)
tilt (2.0.10)
turbolinks (5.2.0)
turbolinks-source (~> 5.2)
turbolinks-source (5.2.0)
tzinfo (1.2.5)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
web-console (4.0.1)
actionview (>= 6.0.0)
activemodel (>= 6.0.0)
bindex (>= 0.4.0)
railties (>= 6.0.0)
webdrivers (4.1.2)
nokogiri (~> 1.6)
rubyzip (~> 1.0)
selenium-webdriver (>= 3.0, < 4.0)
webpacker (4.0.7)
activesupport (>= 4.2)
rack-proxy (>= 0.6.1)
railties (>= 4.2)
websocket-driver (0.7.1)
websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
websocket-extensions (0.1.4)
xpath (3.2.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
zeitwerk (2.2.0)
PLATFORMS
ruby
DEPENDENCIES
bootsnap (= 1.4.4)
byebug (= 11.0.1)
capybara (= 3.28.0)
jbuilder (= 2.9.1)
listen (= 3.1.5)
pg (= 1.1.4)
puma (= 3.12.1)
rails (= 6.0.0)
sass-rails (= 5.1.0)
selenium-webdriver (= 3.142.4)
spring (= 2.1.0)
spring-watcher-listen (= 2.0.1)
sqlite3 (= 1.4.1)
turbolinks (= 5.2.0)
tzinfo-data
web-console (= 4.0.1)
webdrivers (= 4.1.2)
webpacker (= 4.0.7)
RUBY VERSION
ruby 2.6.3p62
BUNDLED WITH
1.17.2
问题
我还必须做些什么才能简单地部署和 运行 这个（hellow world 应用程序）？
编辑 1 - 我的 database.yml
# SQLite. Versions 3.8.0 and up are supported.
# gem install sqlite3
#
# Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile
# gem 'sqlite3'
#
default: &default
adapter: sqlite3
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
timeout: 5000
development:
<<: *default
database: db/development.sqlite3
# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
<<: *default
database: db/test.sqlite3
production:
<<: *default
database: db/production.sqlite3
我在这里看到它指的是 sqlite3 的生产数据库。我实际上没有使用它。只有一个操作说 'hello world'... 为什么要尝试连接到数据库？！？！？！
请注意您的生产数据库设置如何使用 *default 并引用 sqlite3？这就是导致错误的原因。 *default 部分在默认设置下加载所有内容，即这部分
default: &default
adapter: sqlite3
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
timeout: 5000
所以你需要更改 production 下的设置并删除那些东西。
production:
adapter: postgresql
确保推送到 git 并部署到 heroku 以使更改生效。
如果您有需要 运行 的迁移，那么您还需要从控制台 运行 heroku run rake db:migrate 来设置数据库表，它甚至会查找此连接在 "hello world" 页面上，因此需要设置数据库才能使应用程序正常工作（据我所知）。