如何更新键在 ruby 中多次出现的单个哈希值？

Question

我有一个嵌套的散列，我正在尝试按名称排序。

pigeon_data = {
  :color => {
    :purple => ["Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Lucky"],
    :grey => ["Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Ms. K"],
    :white => ["Queenie", "Andrew", "Ms. K", "Alex"],
    :brown => ["Queenie", "Alex"]

所以我正在寻找类似

的东西

 "Theo" => {
    :color => ["purple", "grey"],
    :gender => ["male"],
    :lives => ["Subway"]
  },
  "Peter Jr." => {
    :color => ["purple", "grey"],
    :gender => ["male"],
    :lives => ["Library"]
  },

但每次我尝试更改其中一个值时，它最终都会更改具有相同键的所有值。

{"Theo"=>
  {:color=>["purple", "grey"],
 "Peter Jr."=>
  {:color=>["purple", "grey"],
  ...

我的代码一团糟，但这里更早代码已经将七只鸟放入嵌套哈希中作为顶级键我认为问题出在附近

def sort_birds(new_sort_1)
  new_sort_2 = Marshal.load(Marshal.dump(new_sort_1))
    new_sort_1.each do |ka,va|
      va.each do |kb,vb|
        vb.each do |kc,vc|
          #binding.pry
          if vc.include?("#{ka}") && new_sort_2[ka][kb].is_a?(Array)
            new_sort_2["#{ka}"][kb] << "#{kc}"
          elsif vc.include?("#{ka}")
            new_sort_2["#{ka}"][kb] = Array.new
            new_sort_2["#{ka}"][kb] << "#{kc}"
          else

Answer 1

鉴于提供的结构：

pigeon_data = { :color => { 
    :purple => ["Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Lucky"], 
    :grey => ["Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Ms. K"],   
    :white => ["Queenie", "Andrew", "Ms. K", "Alex"], 
    :brown => ["Queenie", "Alex"] }, 
  :gender => {  
    :male => ["Alex", "Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Andrew", "Lucky"], 
    :female => ["Queenie", "Ms. K"] }, 
  :lives => {  
    "Subway" => ["Theo", "Queenie"], 
    "Central Park" => ["Alex", "Ms. K", "Lucky"], 
    "Library" => ["Peter Jr."], 
    "City Hall" => ["Andrew"] } }

我们可以使用基于默认进程构建的哈希来遍历集合。

builder = Hash.new {|h,k| h[k] = Hash.new {|h2,k2| h2[k2] = []}}
pigeon_data.each_with_object(builder) do |(category,values),cage| 
  values.each do |cat_value,birds| 
    birds.each do |bird|
      cage[bird][category] << cat_value
    end  
  end 
end

当构建器收到一个新键时，它会分配一个新的哈希值作为值。当这个嵌套的 Hash 收到一个新键时，它会分配一个空数组作为值。那么我们只需按照我们希望它们出现的顺序放置项目 [bird][category] << value

导致：

    {"Theo"=>{
       :color=>[:purple, :grey], 
       :gender=>[:male], 
       :lives=>["Subway"]}, 
     "Peter Jr."=>{
       :color=>[:purple, :grey], 
       :gender=>[:male], 
       :lives=>["Library"]}, 
     "Lucky"=>{
       :color=>[:purple], 
       :gender=>[:male], 
       :lives=>["Central Park"]}, 
     "Ms. K"=>{
       :color=>[:grey, :white], 
       :gender=>[:female], 
       :lives=>["Central Park"]}, 
     "Queenie"=>{
       :color=>[:white, :brown], 
       :gender=>[:female], 
       :lives=>["Subway"]}, 
     "Andrew"=>{
       :color=>[:white], 
       :gender=>[:male], 
       :lives=>["City Hall"]}, 
     "Alex"=>{
       :color=>[:white, :brown],
       :gender=>[:male], 
       :lives=>["Central Park"]}}

Answer 2

您要做的是创建一个全新的结构，而不是试图将现有结构的副本拼凑成一个全新的形式。 Ruby 都是关于定义为一系列新对象的转换，而不是对同一对象的就地修改。

这可以这样说明：

def repigeonize(data)
  # Create a target structure for this data that's a Hash with a default...
  result = Hash.new do |h,k|
    # ...inner hash that has...
    h[k] = Hash.new do |ih, ik|
      # ... arrays assigned by default to its keys.
      ih[ik] = [ ]
    end
  end

  # Iterate over the data starting at the top level where attributes...
  data.each do |attr, set|
    # ...have keys that represent values...
    set.each do |value, names|
      # ...and list the names of those with those properties.
      names.each do |name|
        result[name][attr] << value.to_s # Converted to a string.
      end
    end
  end

  # Pass the result back
  result
end

在哪里工作是这样的：

pigeon_data = {
  color: {
    purple: ["Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Lucky"],
    grey: ["Theo", "Peter Jr.", "Ms. K"],
    white: ["Queenie", "Andrew", "Ms. K", "Alex"],
    brown: ["Queenie", "Alex"]
  },
  lives: {
    library: ["Peter Jr."],
    cellar: ["Queenie","Alex"],
    attic: ["Lucky","Ms. K"]
  }
}

p repigeonize(pigeon_data)
# => {"Theo"=>{:color=>["purple", "grey"]}, "Peter Jr."=>{:color=>["purple", "grey"], :lives=>["library"]}, "Lucky"=>{:color=>["purple"], :lives=>["attic"]}, "Ms. K"=>{:color=>["grey", "white"], :lives=>["attic"]}, "Queenie"=>{:color=>["white", "brown"], :lives=>["cellar"]}, "Andrew"=>{:color=>["white"]}, "Alex"=>{:color=>["white", "brown"], :lives=>["cellar"]}}

Answer 3

{ color: pigeon_data[:color].flat_map { |k,v| [k].product(v) }.
  each_with_object({}) { |(color,bird),h| (h[bird] ||= []) << color.to_s } }
  #=> {:color=>{"Theo"=>["purple", "grey"],
  #             "Peter Jr."=>["purple", "grey"],
  #             "Lucky"=>["purple"],
  #             "Ms. K"=>["grey, "white"],
  #             "Queenie"=>["white, "brown"],
  #             "Andrew"=>["white"],
  #             "Alex"=>["white", "brown"]}}

步骤如下：

a = pigeon_data[:color].flat_map { |k,v| [k].product(v) }
  #=> [[:purple, "Theo"], [:purple, "Peter Jr."], [:purple, "Lucky"],
  #    [:grey, "Theo"], [:grey, "Peter Jr."], [:grey, "Ms. K"],
  #    [:white, "Queenie"], [:white, "Andrew"], [:white, "Ms. K"],
  #    [:white, "Alex"], [:brown, "Queenie"], [:brown, "Alex"]] 
b = a.each_with_object({}) { |(color,bird),h| (h[bird] ||= []) << color.to_s }
  #=> {"Theo"=>["purple", "grey"], "Peter Jr."=>["purple", "grey"],
  #    "Lucky"=>["purple"], "Ms. K"=>["grey", "white"], "Queenie"=>["white", "brown"],
  #    "Andrew"=>["white"], "Alex"=>["white", "brown"]} 
{ color: b }
  #=> <as above>

也可以将 each_with_object({}) 替换为 each_with_object(Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] })，将 (h[bird] ||= []) 替换为 h[bird]。

参见 Enumerable#flat_map and Array#product。

如何更新键在 ruby 中多次出现的单个哈希值？

How do I update single hash value where key appears multiple times in ruby?

ruby

hash

key

key-value