.NET Core 从 Razor 页面向控制器发出 AJAX 调用
.NET Core making an AJAX call from a Razor Page to a Controller
我有一个使用 Razor Pages
的 .NET Core 3.1 项目。我从中创建了一个简单的测试,我可以使用以下代码成功进行 Ajax 调用:
Index.cshtml.cs
public class IndexModel : PageModel
{
public void OnGet()
{
}
public JsonResult OnGetTest()
{
return new JsonResult("Ajax Test");
}
}
Index.cshtml
@page
@model IndexModel
<div class="text-center">
<p>Click <a href="#" onclick="ajaxTest()">here</a> for ajax test.</p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function ajaxTest() {
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "/Index?handler=Test",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
dataType: "json",
error: function (xhr, status, error) {
console.log(error);
}
}).done(function (data) {
console.log(data);
});
}
</script>
但是,我想将 Ajax 方法从 Razor Page
移到 Controller
中,这样我就可以从多个 Razor Pages
中调用它。我使用以下代码创建了一个控制器:
public class AjaxController : Controller
{
public JsonResult Test()
{
return new JsonResult("Ajax Test");
}
}
Startup.cs
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc(options =>
{
options.EnableEndpointRouting = false;
});
services.AddRazorPages();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
// The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
}
但是无论我在 url
中为 Ajax 调用使用什么值,我都会得到一个 404 error
。 Controllers
文件夹是否需要在 Pages
目录中?或者我是否需要配置一些路由以将 Controller
与 Razor Pages
一起使用?
url: "/Ajax/Test" // <-- What goes here?
这是当前的目录结构:
您需要指定一个 Route
属性,如下所示:
[Route("api/Ajax")]
public class AjaxController : Controller
{
// ...
}
最好用 'Method' 属性装饰每个端点,如下所示:
[HttpGet]
public JsonResult Test()
{
return new JsonResult("Ajax Test");
}
此外你还需要在Startup.cs
中设置正确的配置,如下图,把你没有的部分全部加上:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc(options =>
{
options.EnableEndpointRouting = false;
});
services.AddRazorPages();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
// lots of stuff...
// I have this after app.UseStaticFiles(), it may also work elsewhere
app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
// lots of other stuff...
}
然后 然后 你应该可以使用路径 /api/Ajax/Test
.
来调用它
在 Startup.cs 中,将其添加到 ConfigureServices()
services.AddMvc(options => options.EnableEndpointRouting = false);
在 Startupcs 中,也将此添加到 Configure()
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
routes.MapRoute(
name: "default",
template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
});
DisplayController.cs
public IActionResult Test()
{
return new JsonResult("Hi World");
}
Index.cshtml
<a onclick="ClickMe();">Click Me</a>
<script>
function ClickMe() {
$.get("/Display/Test", null, function (e) {
alert(e);
});
}
</script>
我有一个使用 Razor Pages
的 .NET Core 3.1 项目。我从中创建了一个简单的测试,我可以使用以下代码成功进行 Ajax 调用:
Index.cshtml.cs
public class IndexModel : PageModel
{
public void OnGet()
{
}
public JsonResult OnGetTest()
{
return new JsonResult("Ajax Test");
}
}
Index.cshtml
@page
@model IndexModel
<div class="text-center">
<p>Click <a href="#" onclick="ajaxTest()">here</a> for ajax test.</p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function ajaxTest() {
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "/Index?handler=Test",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
dataType: "json",
error: function (xhr, status, error) {
console.log(error);
}
}).done(function (data) {
console.log(data);
});
}
</script>
但是,我想将 Ajax 方法从 Razor Page
移到 Controller
中,这样我就可以从多个 Razor Pages
中调用它。我使用以下代码创建了一个控制器:
public class AjaxController : Controller
{
public JsonResult Test()
{
return new JsonResult("Ajax Test");
}
}
Startup.cs
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc(options =>
{
options.EnableEndpointRouting = false;
});
services.AddRazorPages();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
// The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
}
但是无论我在 url
中为 Ajax 调用使用什么值,我都会得到一个 404 error
。 Controllers
文件夹是否需要在 Pages
目录中?或者我是否需要配置一些路由以将 Controller
与 Razor Pages
一起使用?
url: "/Ajax/Test" // <-- What goes here?
这是当前的目录结构:
您需要指定一个 Route
属性,如下所示:
[Route("api/Ajax")]
public class AjaxController : Controller
{
// ...
}
最好用 'Method' 属性装饰每个端点,如下所示:
[HttpGet]
public JsonResult Test()
{
return new JsonResult("Ajax Test");
}
此外你还需要在Startup.cs
中设置正确的配置,如下图,把你没有的部分全部加上:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc(options =>
{
options.EnableEndpointRouting = false;
});
services.AddRazorPages();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
// lots of stuff...
// I have this after app.UseStaticFiles(), it may also work elsewhere
app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
// lots of other stuff...
}
然后 然后 你应该可以使用路径 /api/Ajax/Test
.
在 Startup.cs 中,将其添加到 ConfigureServices()
services.AddMvc(options => options.EnableEndpointRouting = false);
在 Startupcs 中,也将此添加到 Configure()
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
routes.MapRoute(
name: "default",
template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
});
DisplayController.cs
public IActionResult Test()
{
return new JsonResult("Hi World");
}
Index.cshtml
<a onclick="ClickMe();">Click Me</a>
<script>
function ClickMe() {
$.get("/Display/Test", null, function (e) {
alert(e);
});
}
</script>