为什么 tkinter 会根据 window 调整大小不成比例地扩展框架?

Why does tkinter expand the frames disproportionately with respect to window resize?

在下面的示例中,当 window 扩展时,4 帧不成比例地扩展。 考虑到帧的行和列配置的权重为 0,这尤其奇怪。

我想要的是锁定第 1 帧和第 3 帧的大小,即左侧的帧,并允许第 2 帧仅沿 x 扩展,同时允许第 4 帧在 x 和 y 方向扩展。 这是代码:

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

def about_info():
    pass

root = tk.Tk()
#root.geometry('300x300')
root.rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(0,weight=1)

m = tk.Menu(root, relief='flat')
#m = tk.Menu(root, relief='ridge')
about = tk.Menu(m, relief='flat')
about.add_command(label='about', command=about_info)
m.add_cascade(label='help',menu=about)
root.config(menu=m)

f1 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 1")
f1.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
f1.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f1.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl1 = ttk.Label(f1, text="Label 1")
lbl1.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f2 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 2")
f2.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
f2.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f2.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl2 = ttk.Label(f2, text="Label2")
lbl2.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f3 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 3")
f3.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
f3.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f3.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl3 = ttk.Label(f3, text="Label3")
lbl3.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f4 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 4")
f4.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
f4.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f4.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl4 = ttk.Label(f4, text="Label4")
lbl4.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")
root.mainloop()

现在下面的代码正在扩展我想要的方式,但在两者之间添加 space:

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

def about_info():
    pass

root = tk.Tk()
#root.geometry('300x300')
root.rowconfigure((0,0),weight=0)
root.columnconfigure((0,0),weight=0)

root.rowconfigure((0,1),weight=0)
root.columnconfigure((0,1),weight=1)

root.rowconfigure((1,0),weight=1)
root.columnconfigure((1,0),weight=0)

root.rowconfigure((1,1),weight=1)
root.columnconfigure((1,1),weight=1)

m = tk.Menu(root, relief='flat')
#m = tk.Menu(root, relief='ridge')
about = tk.Menu(m, relief='flat')
about.add_command(label='about', command=about_info)
m.add_cascade(label='help',menu=about)
root.config(menu=m)

f1 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 1")
f1.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="wn")
lbl1 = ttk.Label(f1, text="Label 1")
lbl1.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f2 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 2")
f2.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nw")
lbl2 = ttk.Label(f2, text="Label2")
lbl2.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f3 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 3")
f3.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="ns")
lbl3 = ttk.Label(f3, text="Label3")
lbl3.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f4 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 4")
f4.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
lbl4 = ttk.Label(f4, text="Label4")
lbl4.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")
root.mainloop()

终于得到了我想要的,但我仍然觉得我必须定义比我需要的多得多的单元格。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

def about_info():
    pass

root = tk.Tk()
#root.geometry('300x300')
root.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
root.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)

root.rowconfigure(1,weight=0)
root.columnconfigure(1,weight=1)

root.rowconfigure(2,weight=0)
root.rowconfigure(3,weight=1)

m = tk.Menu(root, relief='flat')
#m = tk.Menu(root, relief='ridge')
about = tk.Menu(m, relief='flat')
about.add_command(label='about', command=about_info)
m.add_cascade(label='help',menu=about)
root.config(menu=m)

f1 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 1")
f1.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="ew")
lbl1 = ttk.Label(f1, text="Label 1")
lbl1.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f2 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 2")
f2.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="ew")
lbl2 = ttk.Label(f2, text="Label2")
lbl2.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f3 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 3")
f3.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="ewn")
lbl3 = ttk.Label(f3, text="Label3")
lbl3.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f4 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 4")
f4.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=3, sticky="ewns")
lbl4 = ttk.Label(f4, text="Label4")
lbl4.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f5 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 5")
f5.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="ewns")
lbl5 = ttk.Label(f5, text="Label5")
lbl5.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ewn")

root.mainloop()

In the following example, the 4 frames expand disproportionately when window is expanded.

该行为仅仅是因为您将根 window 中的所有权重赋予第 0 行,第 0 列。这意味着任何额外的未分配 space 将被赋予根window。

What I want is to lock the size of frame 1 and frame 3 i.e the frames on left and allow frame 2 to expand along x only while allowing frame 4 to expand in both x & y. here is the code:

如果不希望左边的帧在X方向上额外space,需要将第0列的权重设置为0,第1列的权重为1。这将导致第一列接收所有额外的 space.

对于剩下的问题,一种选择是将所有行权重分配给第一行,并且将第三帧 "stick" 仅分配给顶部和侧面,而将第四帧分配给所有侧面。

root.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
...
f3.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="new")
...
f4.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky="nwes")

防止第 3 帧在 Y 方向调整大小的第二个选项是为第 0 行和第 1 行设置权重为 0,然后为第三行赋予权重 1。然后,您可以让第四帧跨越两行,以便它获得分配给第一行的 space 加上分配给第二行的所有 space。

root.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
root.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
...
f4.grid(row=1, column=1, rowspan=2, sticky="nwes")

这是一个使用第一种技术的完整工作示例,将网格命令组合在一起。我的经验告诉我,将所有布局代码分组到一个给定的容器中可以更容易地可视化和维护布局代码。

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

root = tk.Tk()

f1 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 1")
f2 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 2")
f3 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 3")
f4 = ttk.LabelFrame(root, borderwidth="3", relief="ridge", text="Frame 4")

root.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)

f1.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
f2.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")
f3.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="new")
f4.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, sticky="nwes")

f1.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f1.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl1 = ttk.Label(f1, text="Label 1")
lbl1.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f2.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f2.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl2 = ttk.Label(f2, text="Label2")
lbl2.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f3.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f3.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl3 = ttk.Label(f3, text="Label3")
lbl3.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")

f4.rowconfigure(0,weight=0)
f4.columnconfigure(0,weight=0)
lbl4 = ttk.Label(f4, text="Label4")
lbl4.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky="ew")


root.mainloop()