缓存 TryGetValue 与 Get

cache TryGetValue versus Get

这就是我实现 CacheManager 的方式。我面临的问题是 TryGetValue 在 RemoveFromCache 函数中总是 return null。在其中一个令牌过期后调用此函数,因此我试图从缓存中的列表中清除该令牌,而 GetAllTokens 是 return 所有令牌的完整列表。 AddTokenToCache 工作正常。

它是 ASPNET-Core 3.0 上的 WebAPI

CacheManager.cs

public class CacheManager : ICacheManager
{
    private IMemoryCache _cache;

    public CacheManager(IMemoryCache cache) {
        _cache = cache;

    }        
    public void AddTokenToCache(string appName, string tokenString)
    {
        List<Token> tokens = new List<Token>();

        //save this token against the application record in-memory
        if (!_cache.TryGetValue(CacheHelper.CacheKey_Tokens, out tokens))
        {
            if (tokens == null)
                tokens = new List<Token>();

        }

        tokens.Add(new Token
        {
            AppName = appName,
            GeneratedAt = DateTime.Now,
            TokenId = tokenString
        });

        // Set cache options.
        var cacheEntryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
        ;//    .SetSlidingExpiration(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180)); //3 minutes

        _cache.Set(CacheHelper.CacheKey_Tokens, tokens, cacheEntryOptions);
    }

    public List<Token> GetAllTokens()
    {
        return _cache.Get<List<Token>>(CacheHelper.CacheKey_Tokens);
    }

    public bool RemoveFromCache(string tokenId)
    {

        List<Token> tokens = new List<Token>();            

        //remove this token from memory            
        if (!_cache.TryGetValue(CacheHelper.CacheKey_Tokens, out tokens)) {
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            if (tokens != null && tokens.Count > 0)
            {
                //_logger.LogInfo("Processing token");
                //trimming quotations from the string
                tokenId = tokenId.Substring(1, tokenId.Length - 2);
                int index = tokens.FindIndex(t => t.TokenId == tokenId);

                if (index >= 0)
                    tokens.RemoveAt(index);

                var cacheEntryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions();
                _cache.Set(CacheHelper.CacheKey_Tokens, tokens, cacheEntryOptions);

                return true;
            }                
        }

        return false;
    }
}

我的调用顺序是:

Startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    { 
        services.AddSingleton<ILoggerManager, LoggerManager>();

        services.AddMemoryCache();
        services.AddDbContext<GEContext>(options => options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
        services.AddControllers();
        services.AddRazorPages();
        services.AddSingleton<ICacheManager, CacheManager>();

        RegisterHandlerforTokenExpiredEvent(services);
        //other code removed for brevity
    }
public void RegisterHandlerforTokenExpiredEvent(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();

        var jwtManager = sp.GetService<IJWTAuthenticationManager>(); //publisher            
        var cacheManager = sp.GetService<ICacheManager>(); //subscriber

        jwtManager.TokenExpired += cacheManager.OnTokenExpired;            
    }

那是因为你通过 services.BuildServiceProvider() 构建了另一个 ServiceProvider:

public void RegisterHandlerforTokenExpiredEvent(IServiceCollection services)

{
    var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();  // this is a different service provider from the default one built by ASP.NET Core itself.

    var jwtManager = sp.GetService<IJWTAuthenticationManager>(); //publisher            
    var cacheManager = sp.GetService<ICacheManager>(); //subscriber
    // it doesn't work because the cacheManager is not the same instance that you use in the controllers
    jwtManager.TokenExpired += cacheManager.OnTokenExpired;            
}

因此,您获得的 ICacheManager 实例 与您在 Controllers/Other 服务中注入的单例 不同。换句话说,您将有两个不同的 ICacheManager 实例 !

作为一条黄金法则,不要 在您的应用程序层代码中通过 services.BuildServiceProvider() 构建 ServiceProvider 的另一个副本,除非您非常确定它适合您。

如何修复

  1. 与其构建另一个服务提供者副本然后获取另一个实例,不如始终使用 IoC 而不是服务定位器模式。
  2. 您的 JWTAuthenticationManager 似乎是单例,您希望在启动时绑定事件处理程序。如果是这样,您可以注册一个 HostedService。

    public class MyHostedService : IHostedService
    {
        private readonly IJWTAuthenticationManager _jWTAuthManager;
        private readonly ICacheManager _cacheManager;
    
        // suppose your IJWTAuthenticationManager  is a singleton service
        public MyHostedService(IJWTAuthenticationManager jWTAuthManager, ICacheManager cacheManager)
        {
            this._jWTAuthManager = jWTAuthManager;
            this._cacheManager = cacheManager;
        }
    
        public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            this._jWTAuthManager.TokenExpired += this._cacheManager.OnTokenExpired;
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    
        public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            this._jWTAuthManager.TokenExpired -= this._cacheManager.OnTokenExpired;
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    }
    

    并在 Startup 中注册此服务:

    services.AddHostedService<MyHostedService>();
    

另一种不需要 HostedService 并在启动时启动的方法:

Host.Run()之前获取服务并绑定事件:

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var host = CreateHostBuilder(args).Build();
    var jwtMgr = host.Services.GetRequiredService<IJWTAuthenticationManager>();
    var cacheMgr = host.Services.GetRequiredService<ICacheManager>();
    jwtMgr.TokenExpired = cacheMgr.OnTokenExpired;
    host.Run();
}