open STDIN/STDOUT 如何正确处理和使用 utf8 编码?

How open STDIN/STDOUT handles and work with utf8 encoding correctly?

我的代码中有 utf8 字符。所以我这样做:

use utf8;

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
print $line; # Wide character in print at ...

然后我想我的STDOUT应该在utf8:

use utf8;
use open IO => ':utf8 :std';

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
print $line; # Wide character in print at ...

为什么当我说 perl 使用 utf8 而我的源代码有 utf8 个字符时我得到错误?

同时:

没有错误:

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
print $line;

没有错误:

use open IO => ':utf8 :std';

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
print $line;

我应该如何打开文件句柄并正确使用 utf8

UPD
其实我有这个代码。它不匹配:

use open IO => ':utf8 :std';

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
my @match =  $line =~ m/(вiд|от|від)/i;
print "$line ->  \n";

很遗憾,正则表达式不匹配。输出为:

ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р ->

然后我添加utf8 pragma:

use utf8;
use open IO => ':utf8 :std';

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
my @match =  $line =~ m/(вiд|от|від)/i;
print "$line ->  \n";

现在匹配正则表达式,但发出警告

Wide character in print at t2.pl line 17.
ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р -> ВIД

在 IRC 中感谢@Grinnz

下一个代码有效:

use utf8;
use open ':encoding(UTF-8)', ':std';

my $line =  'ЗГ. РАХ. №382 ВIД 03.02.2020Р';
my @match =  $line =~ m/(вiд|от|від)/i;
print "$line ->  \n";

注意事项: @Grinnz 建议使用 https://metacpan.org/pod/open::layers 因为 :std is not a layer, it must be its own argument in the list

我也不应该使用 :utf8 because

CAUTION: Do not use this layer to translate from UTF-8 bytes, as invalid UTF-8 or binary data will result in malformed Perl strings. It is unlikely to produce invalid UTF-8 when used for output, though it will instead produce UTF-EBCDIC on EBCDIC systems. The :encoding(UTF-8) layer (hyphen is significant) is preferred as it will ensure translation between valid UTF-8 bytes and valid Unicode characters.