在 P3D 中工作时如何以 2D 方式编写标题和图例？
How to write titles and legends in 2D fashion when working in P3D?
除了标题和图例，我已经完成了在 P3D 模式下工作的草图。在此模式下工作时，如何像 2D 一样正常编写这些文本。我在草图中引入了一个相机来启用平移和缩放功能。这会导致标题根据相机进行变换。我已经尝试将标题转换为正确的位置，但它看起来仍然有些偏离
另外，我怎样才能让它不受鼠标缩放和平移的影响。即即使草图的其他部分移动它也保持其位置。
这是我的代码：
PImage worldMap;
PShape box;
Table table;
int rowCount;
float x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2;
//Interaction Zoom and Pan Variables:
float zoom = 600;
float panLeft = 0;
float panTop = 0;
void setup() {
size(1400, 800, P3D);
table = new Table("From_USA_Coordinates.tsv");
rowCount = table.getRowCount();
worldMap = loadImage("world.topo.bathy.200406.3x5400x2700.jpg");
worldMap.resize(500, 300);
textureMode(NORMAL);
fill(255);
//stroke(color(44,48,32));
box = createShape(BOX, -650, 300, 0);
box.beginShape(BOX);
box.endShape();
box.setTexture(worldMap);
}
void draw() {
background(255);
fill(0);
titlesAndLegends();
display();
}
void mouseDragged() {
if((mouseX- pmouseX) > 0){
panLeft -= 5;
} else {
panLeft += 5;
}
if((mouseY-pmouseY) > 0) {
//panTop -=5;
}
}
void mouseWheel(MouseEvent event) {
float e = event.getCount();
if(e == 1) {
zoom += 30;
}else {
zoom -= 30;
}
}
public void display() {
camera(panLeft, zoom , zoom, panLeft, 0, panTop, 0, 1, 0); // eye(0, 600, 600) center(0, 0, 0) up(0, 1, 0)
pushMatrix();
translate(-350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
//box.scale(zoom);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
translate(350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
// To use the center of the left box as center coordinates
translate(-350, 0, 0);
textSize(15);
for(int row = 1; row < rowCount; row++) {
float USALatitude = table.getFloat(row, 3);
float USALongitude = table.getFloat(row, 4);
String countryName = table.getString(row,1);
//Mapped Within X-axis of the left side map box
float mappedLatitude = map(USALatitude,-90, 90, 150, -150); // Latitude is in Y axis
float mappedLongitude = map(USALongitude, -180, 180, -325, 325); // Longitude in X Axis
x1 = mappedLongitude;
y1 = mappedLatitude;
z1 = 0;
float tripCountryLatitude = table.getFloat(row, 5);
float tripCountryLongitude = table.getFloat(row, 6);
float tripLatitude = map(tripCountryLatitude, -90, 90, 150, -150); // In Y, same mapping
float tripLongitude = map(tripCountryLongitude, -180, 180, 375, 1025);
// In X, having the position of the right box depending on the coordinates center
x2 = tripLongitude;
y2 = tripLatitude;
z2 = 0;
float zOff = map(0, 0, height, 300, 0); // Move mouse up and down
float a = (x2-x1)/3;
float b = (y2-y1)/3;
stroke(#F05252);
noFill();
bezier(x1, y1, z1, // First point
x1 + a, y1 + b, z1 + zOff, // First intermediate point
x2 - a, y2 - b, z2 + zOff, // Second intermediate point
x2, y2, z2);
//rotate(PI);
stroke(255);
fill(255);
text(countryName, x2-10, y2+10, z2+20);
}
popMatrix();
}
void titlesAndLegends() {
pushMatrix();
translate(-1000, -900, 0);
//rotateY(-PI/4);
textSize(50);
fill(0);
text("From USA to Other Parts of the World - 2019", width/2, 50);
popMatrix();
}
table 的代码：
class Table {
int rowCount;
String[][] data;
Table(String filename) {
String[] rows = loadStrings(filename);
data = new String[rows.length][];
for (int i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
if (trim(rows[i]).length() == 0) {
continue; // skip empty rows
}
if (rows[i].startsWith("#")) {
continue; // skip comment lines
}
// split the row on the tabs
String[] pieces = split(rows[i], TAB);
// copy to the table array
data[rowCount] = pieces;
rowCount++;
// this could be done in one fell swoop via:
//data[rowCount++] = split(rows[i], TAB);
}
// resize the 'data' array as necessary
data = (String[][]) subset(data, 0, rowCount);
}
int getRowCount() {
return rowCount;
}
// find a row by its name, returns -1 if no row found
int getRowIndex(String name) {
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
if (data[i][0].equals(name)) {
return i;
}
}
println("No row named '" + name + "' was found");
return -1;
}
String getRowName(int row) {
return getString(row, 0);
}
String getString(int rowIndex, int column) {
return data[rowIndex][column];
}
String getString(String rowName, int column) {
return getString(getRowIndex(rowName), column);
}
int getInt(String rowName, int column) {
return parseInt(getString(rowName, column));
}
int getInt(int rowIndex, int column) {
return parseInt(getString(rowIndex, column));
}
float getFloat(String rowName, int column) {
return parseFloat(getString(rowName, column));
}
float getFloat(int rowIndex, int column) {
return parseFloat(getString(rowIndex, column));
}
void setRowName(int row, String what) {
data[row][0] = what;
}
void setString(int rowIndex, int column, String what) {
data[rowIndex][column] = what;
}
void setString(String rowName, int column, String what) {
int rowIndex = getRowIndex(rowName);
data[rowIndex][column] = what;
}
void setInt(int rowIndex, int column, int what) {
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
void setInt(String rowName, int column, int what) {
int rowIndex = getRowIndex(rowName);
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
void setFloat(int rowIndex, int column, float what) {
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
void setFloat(String rowName, int column, float what) {
int rowIndex = getRowIndex(rowName);
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
}
我的图像文件和数据的链接table
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1sZw5Gc3xf_RTM_Ti6FeJ-_PVj49b0mlT/view
https://drive.google.com/file/d/111Tmhy6YDBQBmI2AaJuTPrrtdGZZpJSy/view
您应该能够使用 pushMatrix()/popMatrix() calls. See the 2D Transformations tutorial 隔离坐标系，因为同样的原则适用于 3D。
在您的特定情况下，display() 似乎负责 3D 视图。
您可能希望将 camera() 调用隔离到它自己的坐标系中，这样它就不会影响图例：
public void display() {
// begin isolate camera transformed coordinate system
pushMatrix();
camera(panLeft, zoom , zoom, panLeft, 0, panTop, 0, 1, 0); // eye(0, 600, 600) center(0, 0, 0) up(0, 1, 0)
pushMatrix();
translate(-350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
//box.scale(zoom);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
translate(350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
// To use the center of the left box as center coordinates
translate(-350, 0, 0);
textSize(15);
for(int row = 1; row < rowCount; row++) {
float USALatitude = table.getFloat(row, 3);
float USALongitude = table.getFloat(row, 4);
String countryName = table.getString(row,1);
//Mapped Within X-axis of the left side map box
float mappedLatitude = map(USALatitude,-90, 90, 150, -150); // Latitude is in Y axis
float mappedLongitude = map(USALongitude, -180, 180, -325, 325); // Longitude in X Axis
x1 = mappedLongitude;
y1 = mappedLatitude;
z1 = 0;
float tripCountryLatitude = table.getFloat(row, 5);
float tripCountryLongitude = table.getFloat(row, 6);
float tripLatitude = map(tripCountryLatitude, -90, 90, 150, -150); // In Y, same mapping
float tripLongitude = map(tripCountryLongitude, -180, 180, 375, 1025);
// In X, having the position of the right box depending on the coordinates center
x2 = tripLongitude;
y2 = tripLatitude;
z2 = 0;
float zOff = map(0, 0, height, 300, 0); // Move mouse up and down
float a = (x2-x1)/3;
float b = (y2-y1)/3;
stroke(#F05252);
noFill();
bezier(x1, y1, z1, // First point
x1 + a, y1 + b, z1 + zOff, // First intermediate point
x2 - a, y2 - b, z2 + zOff, // Second intermediate point
x2, y2, z2);
//rotate(PI);
stroke(255);
fill(255);
text(countryName, x2-10, y2+10, z2+20);
}
popMatrix();
// end isolate camera
popMatrix();
}
作为示例，这里是 camera() 示例的修改器版本，打印变换前后的变换矩阵：
size(100, 100, P3D);
noFill();
background(204);
// reset all transformations
resetMatrix();
println("before camera");
printMatrix();
pushMatrix();
camera(70.0, 35.0, 120.0, 50.0, 50.0, 0.0,
0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
println("after camera");
printMatrix();
translate(50, 50, 0);
rotateX(-PI/6);
rotateY(PI/3);
noFill();
box(45);
popMatrix();
// back to no transformations
printMatrix();
fill(0);
text("text2D",-50,-40,-100);
除了标题和图例，我已经完成了在 P3D 模式下工作的草图。在此模式下工作时，如何像 2D 一样正常编写这些文本。我在草图中引入了一个相机来启用平移和缩放功能。这会导致标题根据相机进行变换。我已经尝试将标题转换为正确的位置，但它看起来仍然有些偏离
另外，我怎样才能让它不受鼠标缩放和平移的影响。即即使草图的其他部分移动它也保持其位置。
这是我的代码：
PImage worldMap;
PShape box;
Table table;
int rowCount;
float x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2;
//Interaction Zoom and Pan Variables:
float zoom = 600;
float panLeft = 0;
float panTop = 0;
void setup() {
size(1400, 800, P3D);
table = new Table("From_USA_Coordinates.tsv");
rowCount = table.getRowCount();
worldMap = loadImage("world.topo.bathy.200406.3x5400x2700.jpg");
worldMap.resize(500, 300);
textureMode(NORMAL);
fill(255);
//stroke(color(44,48,32));
box = createShape(BOX, -650, 300, 0);
box.beginShape(BOX);
box.endShape();
box.setTexture(worldMap);
}
void draw() {
background(255);
fill(0);
titlesAndLegends();
display();
}
void mouseDragged() {
if((mouseX- pmouseX) > 0){
panLeft -= 5;
} else {
panLeft += 5;
}
if((mouseY-pmouseY) > 0) {
//panTop -=5;
}
}
void mouseWheel(MouseEvent event) {
float e = event.getCount();
if(e == 1) {
zoom += 30;
}else {
zoom -= 30;
}
}
public void display() {
camera(panLeft, zoom , zoom, panLeft, 0, panTop, 0, 1, 0); // eye(0, 600, 600) center(0, 0, 0) up(0, 1, 0)
pushMatrix();
translate(-350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
//box.scale(zoom);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
translate(350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
// To use the center of the left box as center coordinates
translate(-350, 0, 0);
textSize(15);
for(int row = 1; row < rowCount; row++) {
float USALatitude = table.getFloat(row, 3);
float USALongitude = table.getFloat(row, 4);
String countryName = table.getString(row,1);
//Mapped Within X-axis of the left side map box
float mappedLatitude = map(USALatitude,-90, 90, 150, -150); // Latitude is in Y axis
float mappedLongitude = map(USALongitude, -180, 180, -325, 325); // Longitude in X Axis
x1 = mappedLongitude;
y1 = mappedLatitude;
z1 = 0;
float tripCountryLatitude = table.getFloat(row, 5);
float tripCountryLongitude = table.getFloat(row, 6);
float tripLatitude = map(tripCountryLatitude, -90, 90, 150, -150); // In Y, same mapping
float tripLongitude = map(tripCountryLongitude, -180, 180, 375, 1025);
// In X, having the position of the right box depending on the coordinates center
x2 = tripLongitude;
y2 = tripLatitude;
z2 = 0;
float zOff = map(0, 0, height, 300, 0); // Move mouse up and down
float a = (x2-x1)/3;
float b = (y2-y1)/3;
stroke(#F05252);
noFill();
bezier(x1, y1, z1, // First point
x1 + a, y1 + b, z1 + zOff, // First intermediate point
x2 - a, y2 - b, z2 + zOff, // Second intermediate point
x2, y2, z2);
//rotate(PI);
stroke(255);
fill(255);
text(countryName, x2-10, y2+10, z2+20);
}
popMatrix();
}
void titlesAndLegends() {
pushMatrix();
translate(-1000, -900, 0);
//rotateY(-PI/4);
textSize(50);
fill(0);
text("From USA to Other Parts of the World - 2019", width/2, 50);
popMatrix();
}
table 的代码：
class Table {
int rowCount;
String[][] data;
Table(String filename) {
String[] rows = loadStrings(filename);
data = new String[rows.length][];
for (int i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
if (trim(rows[i]).length() == 0) {
continue; // skip empty rows
}
if (rows[i].startsWith("#")) {
continue; // skip comment lines
}
// split the row on the tabs
String[] pieces = split(rows[i], TAB);
// copy to the table array
data[rowCount] = pieces;
rowCount++;
// this could be done in one fell swoop via:
//data[rowCount++] = split(rows[i], TAB);
}
// resize the 'data' array as necessary
data = (String[][]) subset(data, 0, rowCount);
}
int getRowCount() {
return rowCount;
}
// find a row by its name, returns -1 if no row found
int getRowIndex(String name) {
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
if (data[i][0].equals(name)) {
return i;
}
}
println("No row named '" + name + "' was found");
return -1;
}
String getRowName(int row) {
return getString(row, 0);
}
String getString(int rowIndex, int column) {
return data[rowIndex][column];
}
String getString(String rowName, int column) {
return getString(getRowIndex(rowName), column);
}
int getInt(String rowName, int column) {
return parseInt(getString(rowName, column));
}
int getInt(int rowIndex, int column) {
return parseInt(getString(rowIndex, column));
}
float getFloat(String rowName, int column) {
return parseFloat(getString(rowName, column));
}
float getFloat(int rowIndex, int column) {
return parseFloat(getString(rowIndex, column));
}
void setRowName(int row, String what) {
data[row][0] = what;
}
void setString(int rowIndex, int column, String what) {
data[rowIndex][column] = what;
}
void setString(String rowName, int column, String what) {
int rowIndex = getRowIndex(rowName);
data[rowIndex][column] = what;
}
void setInt(int rowIndex, int column, int what) {
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
void setInt(String rowName, int column, int what) {
int rowIndex = getRowIndex(rowName);
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
void setFloat(int rowIndex, int column, float what) {
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
void setFloat(String rowName, int column, float what) {
int rowIndex = getRowIndex(rowName);
data[rowIndex][column] = str(what);
}
}
我的图像文件和数据的链接table https://drive.google.com/file/d/1sZw5Gc3xf_RTM_Ti6FeJ-_PVj49b0mlT/view
https://drive.google.com/file/d/111Tmhy6YDBQBmI2AaJuTPrrtdGZZpJSy/view
您应该能够使用 pushMatrix()/popMatrix() calls. See the 2D Transformations tutorial 隔离坐标系，因为同样的原则适用于 3D。
在您的特定情况下，display() 似乎负责 3D 视图。
您可能希望将 camera() 调用隔离到它自己的坐标系中，这样它就不会影响图例：
public void display() {
// begin isolate camera transformed coordinate system
pushMatrix();
camera(panLeft, zoom , zoom, panLeft, 0, panTop, 0, 1, 0); // eye(0, 600, 600) center(0, 0, 0) up(0, 1, 0)
pushMatrix();
translate(-350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
//box.scale(zoom);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
translate(350, 0, 0);
shape(box);
popMatrix();
pushMatrix();
// To use the center of the left box as center coordinates
translate(-350, 0, 0);
textSize(15);
for(int row = 1; row < rowCount; row++) {
float USALatitude = table.getFloat(row, 3);
float USALongitude = table.getFloat(row, 4);
String countryName = table.getString(row,1);
//Mapped Within X-axis of the left side map box
float mappedLatitude = map(USALatitude,-90, 90, 150, -150); // Latitude is in Y axis
float mappedLongitude = map(USALongitude, -180, 180, -325, 325); // Longitude in X Axis
x1 = mappedLongitude;
y1 = mappedLatitude;
z1 = 0;
float tripCountryLatitude = table.getFloat(row, 5);
float tripCountryLongitude = table.getFloat(row, 6);
float tripLatitude = map(tripCountryLatitude, -90, 90, 150, -150); // In Y, same mapping
float tripLongitude = map(tripCountryLongitude, -180, 180, 375, 1025);
// In X, having the position of the right box depending on the coordinates center
x2 = tripLongitude;
y2 = tripLatitude;
z2 = 0;
float zOff = map(0, 0, height, 300, 0); // Move mouse up and down
float a = (x2-x1)/3;
float b = (y2-y1)/3;
stroke(#F05252);
noFill();
bezier(x1, y1, z1, // First point
x1 + a, y1 + b, z1 + zOff, // First intermediate point
x2 - a, y2 - b, z2 + zOff, // Second intermediate point
x2, y2, z2);
//rotate(PI);
stroke(255);
fill(255);
text(countryName, x2-10, y2+10, z2+20);
}
popMatrix();
// end isolate camera
popMatrix();
}
作为示例，这里是 camera() 示例的修改器版本，打印变换前后的变换矩阵：
size(100, 100, P3D);
noFill();
background(204);
// reset all transformations
resetMatrix();
println("before camera");
printMatrix();
pushMatrix();
camera(70.0, 35.0, 120.0, 50.0, 50.0, 0.0,
0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
println("after camera");
printMatrix();
translate(50, 50, 0);
rotateX(-PI/6);
rotateY(PI/3);
noFill();
box(45);
popMatrix();
// back to no transformations
printMatrix();
fill(0);
text("text2D",-50,-40,-100);