是否可以使用比其自身尺寸更大的对齐方式的类型?

Is it possible to have a type with a larger alignment than its own size?

有没有可能在 Rust 中使用比其自身大小更大的对齐方式的类型?相反,Rust 编译器是否总是向类型添加填充以使其大小至少是其对齐的倍数?

这个简单的示例代码似乎表明答案是否定的,所有类型的大小都是它们对齐的倍数,但我想确保没有更深奥的可能性。

use std::mem::{size_of, align_of};

struct b1 {
    byte: u8
}

#[repr(align(4))]
struct b4 {
    byte: u8
}

struct b5 {
    a: u8,
    b: u8,
    c: u8,
    d: u8,
    e: u8,
}

#[repr(align(8))]
struct b8 {
    a: u8,
    b: u8,
    c: u8,
    d: u8,
    e: u8,
}

fn main() {
    assert_eq!(size_of::<b1>(), 1);
    assert_eq!(align_of::<b1>(), 1);

    assert_eq!(size_of::<b4>(), 4);
    assert_eq!(align_of::<b4>(), 4);

    assert_eq!(size_of::<b5>(), 5);
    assert_eq!(align_of::<b5>(), 1);

    assert_eq!(size_of::<b8>(), 8);
    assert_eq!(align_of::<b8>(), 8);
}

也有类似的问题,答案似乎是 "not in standard C++, but some compiler extensions support it. You can't create an array of T in that case"。

Rust 参考文献中有关于大小和对齐的说明(强调我的):

Size and Alignment

[...]

The size of a value is the offset in bytes between successive elements in an array with that item type including alignment padding. The size of a value is always a multiple of its alignment. The size of a value can be checked with the size_of_val function.