无法通过 ip python 向 SOAP 发送 https get 请求

Question

这可能是一个比 python 更重要的安全问题，但我们开始吧。

我想使用此 url 从 Web 服务获取数据：https://x.x.x.x/serviceWS/server.php?wsdl。他们已将密钥、CRT 和 PEM 文件发送给我，但我无法使其工作：到目前为止，我有以下代码：

import requests
crt = '/path/to/crt'
key = '/path/to/key'
pem = '/path/to/pem'
body = '<soap>...</soap>'

res = requests.get(ws, cert=(crt, key), verify=pem)

它给了我这个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 601, in urlopen
    chunked=chunked)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 346, in _make_request
    self._validate_conn(conn)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 852, in _validate_conn
    conn.connect()
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 326, in connect
    ssl_context=context)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py", line 332, in ssl_wrap_socket
    return context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 407, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 817, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1077, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 689, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:852)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 440, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 639, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 398, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='x.x.x.x', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /serviceWS/server.php?wsdl (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:852)'),))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 72, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 58, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 520, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 630, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 506, in send
    raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='x.x.x.x', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /serviceWS/server.php?wsdl (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:852)'),))

我的猜测是因为证书是针对像“*.remotework.com.pe”这样的域的，而我正在尝试连接到一个 IP。如果这是问题所在，那么在他们输入正确的域之前，代码将永远无法工作，对吗？

任何帮助都会很好！

Answer 1

最后我根据评论得到了解决方案：

正如帕特里克所说："You always connect to an IP at the end but you need indeed to pass a name to the library connecting for you, because indeed any decent library HAS TO compare the hostname given with what is in the certificate"。目标主机未知。我修改了 /etc/hosts 文件，写入了 ip 和证书名称，它起作用了。

非常感谢！！

无法通过 ip python 向 SOAP 发送 https get 请求

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