AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute '_sa_instance_state'

AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute '_sa_instance_state'

我正在用 sqlalchemymarshmallow 创建一个 flask_restful API。 这是我的模型

class User(db.Model):
    """Basic user model
    """

    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
    password = db.Column(db.String(255), nullable=False)
    active = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=True)
    is_admin = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False)
    profile = db.relationship("Profile", back_populates="user", uselist=False)

class Profile(db.Model):
    """Profile model
    """

    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    fullname = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=False, nullable=True)
    img_url = db.Column(db.String(255), unique=False, nullable=True)
    telephone = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=False, nullable=True)
    user_id = db.Column(
        db.Integer,
        db.ForeignKey('user.id'),
        nullable=False)
    user = db.relationship("User", back_populates="profile")

这里是用于更新 PUT 请求的用户资源

class UserResource(Resource):

    def put(self, user_id):
        schema = UserSchema()
        user = User.query.get_or_404(user_id)

        data = {
            'username': 'updated',
            "password": 'HRcdxRu45',
            'email': 'ms@gt.vom',
            'profile': {
                'telephone': '+2507800112233',
                'fullname': 'Mic Lolo',
                'img_url': 'images/img.jpg'
            }
        }

        user = schema.load(data, instance=user)

        return {"message": "user updated", "data": schema.dump(user)}

这是我的架构

class ProfileSchema(ma.Schema):
    id = ma.Int(dump_only=True)
    fullname = ma.Str(validate=Length(min=3, max=80, error='empty fullname'))
    img_url = ma.Str(validate=Length(min=3, max=80, error='empty image url'))
    telephone = ma.Str(validate=Regexp(regex=r"\+[0-9]{7,13}", error="Invalid phone number"))

    class Meta:
        model = Profile
        sqla_session = db.session


class UserSchema(ma.ModelSchema):
    id = ma.Int(dump_only=True)
    password = ma.Str(load_only=True,
                      validate=Length(min=8, max=255, error='empty password'))
    username = ma.Str(validate=Length(min=3, max=80, error='empty username'))
    is_admin = ma.Bool()
    email = ma.Email()
    profile = ma.Nested(ProfileSchema)

    class Meta:
        model = User
        sqla_session = db.session

正在获取 AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute '_sa_instance_state'

当我从 UserSchema 中删除嵌套配置文件架构时没有错误,但 user.profile 不会更新。此外,当我删除 schema.load(data, instance=user) 中的 instance=user 参数时,没有错误,我将得到一个带有发布数据的良好用户实例,这里的问题又是两者之间不会有任何 link用户实例和数据库中存在的实例,我将不得不手动查找要更新的用户字段。

class ProfileSchema(ma.Schema):

ProfileSchema 应该继承自 ma.ModelSchema