试图解析猫鼬对象

Trying to parse a mongoose object

所以我正在调用 mongodb,但我在解析数据时遇到了问题,因此我无法将其传递给视图。我用EJS写前端

这是我要调用的模型:

const CourseworkSchema = new Schema({
assignment: [
    {
        type: String
    }
],
author: {
    id: {
        type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
        ref: 'User'
    },
    name: String
}
})

module.exports = mongoose.model('Coursework', CourseworkSchema);

这是我呼叫 Corsework 的路线:

app.get('/dashboard', (req, res) => {
if(req.isAuthenticated()){
    if(req.user.isTeacher) {
        // render dashboard for teacher
        //let author = author._id
        let arr = Coursework.find({  })
        //console.log(arr)
        let val = JSON.stringify(arr.assignment)
        //console.log(val)
        console.log(arr.assignment)
        res.render('instructor', {arr: val, isAuth:req.isAuthenticated()})
    }else {
        // render dashboard for student
        res.render('student', {isAuth: req.isAuthenticated()})
    }
}

我需要在视图中使用赋值。 每次我尝试对其进行字符串化时,它都会显示为 undefined。 我如何解析它以便我可以使用属性 authorassigment.

如有任何帮助,我们将不胜感激。

试试下面的代码:

app.get('/dashboard', async (req, res) => {
    if(req.isAuthenticated()){
        if(req.user.isTeacher) {
            // render dashboard for teacher
            //let author = author._id
            let arr = await Coursework.find({}).lean(true).exec();
            //console.log(arr)
            /** 
              * As `.find()` returns an array & to access `assignment` field on each doc, You need to iterate over.
              * let val = JSON.stringify(arr.assignment) has to be replaced
              */
            let val = arr.map((i)=> {return JSON.stringify(i.assignment)}) // will be an array of parsed `assignment` values
            //console.log(val)
            res.render('instructor', {arr: val, isAuth:req.isAuthenticated()})
        }else {
            // render dashboard for student
            res.render('student', {isAuth: req.isAuthenticated()})
        }
    }

由于 Node.Js 是异步的,它不会等到数据库操作 Coursework.find({}) 完成。所以你需要等到 DB find 调用完成,然后 arr 将填充数据,而且为了打印我们不需要使用 .lean() 但如果你想 alter/manipulate returned 文档中的字段然后您必须将 mongoose 文档转换为 .Js 对象以供进一步使用。此外,您需要将此代码包装在 try-catch 块中,因为建议将 async 函数包装在 try catch.

注意: 如果您正在使用 author._id 检查 author - 在唯一字段上进行过滤,然后尝试使用 .findOne() 这将 return null 或匹配的文档,这有助于我们避免对数组进行不必要的迭代。

这一行let arr = Coursework.find({ })returns一个文件数组。您必须遍历 arr 才能获得特定的分配,而简单的 arr.assignment 将不起作用

例如

let arr = await Coursework.find({  })
for (const doc of arr) {
    console.log(doc.assignment);
    console.log(doc.author);
}

如您在以下代码片段中所见,我创建了两个 CourseWork 项目,然后迭代它们以将它们记录到控制台

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

run().catch(error => console.log(error.stack));

async function run() {
    await mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test', { useNewUrlParser: true });
    await mongoose.connection.dropDatabase();

    const CourseworkSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    assignment: [
        {
            type: String
        }
    ],
    author: {
        id: {
            type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
            ref: 'User'
        },
        name: String
    }
    });

    const CourseWork = mongoose.model('Coursework', CourseworkSchema);

    await CourseWork.create({ assignment: "first assignment", author: { name: "first author" }});
    await CourseWork.create({ assignment: "Second assignment", author: { name: "second author" }});

    const docs = await CourseWork.find();
    console.log(docs);

    for (const doc of docs) {
        console.log(doc.assignment);
        console.log(doc.author);
    }
}