无法访问 python 中的 Twitter 包及其功能

Question

我已经在 python 中安装并导入了 twitter 包。在将 Twitter class 实例初始化为 t 之后，这就是我尝试的方法。

>>> t.statuses.home_timeline
<twitter.api.TwitterCall object at 0x10646e160>
>>> print(t.statuses.home_timeline)
<twitter.api.TwitterCall object at 0x106d1f2e0>
>>> t.statuses.home_timeline()

最后一行返回了以下内容 -


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 1319, in do_open
    h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers,
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/http/client.py", line 1230, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/http/client.py", line 1276, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/http/client.py", line 1225, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/http/client.py", line 1004, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/http/client.py", line 944, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/http/client.py", line 1399, in connect
    self.sock = self._context.wrap_socket(self.sock,
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/ssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket
    return self.sslsocket_class._create(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/ssl.py", line 1040, in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1108)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twitter/api.py", line 334, in __call__
    return self._handle_response(req, uri, arg_data, _timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/twitter/api.py", line 341, in _handle_response
    handle = urllib_request.urlopen(req, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 222, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 525, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 542, in _open
    result = self._call_chain(self.handle_open, protocol, protocol +
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 502, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 1362, in https_open
    return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPSConnection, req,
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/urllib/request.py", line 1322, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1108)>

我无法解决这个问题。另外，我尝试搜索类似的问题，但万一它已经存在，我无法找到它，对于给您带来的麻烦，我深表歉意。

配置 - MacOS 卡特琳娜 10.15.4 在 Python3.8 出现错误，在 Python2.7 没有这样的问题（我机器上的默认 python）

注意：已尝试将 pip install certifi 用于 python3 版本，pip 给我一条消息说 "Requirement already satisfied"。还检查了 python3 中的文件夹，发现一个名为 etc 的目录，其中有一个文件夹 openssl。 OpenSSL 文件夹本身是空的。

Answer 1

解决这个问题运行命令：

pip install certifi

编辑： 对于 Mac OS 用户，进入“应用程序”文件夹并展开 Python 文件夹。现在先运行（或双击）安装 Certificates.command 然后更新 Shell Profile.command

无法访问 python 中的 Twitter 包及其功能

Unable to access the Twitter package in python and its functions

python

twitter